n ROSACEA 185 



The stipules on the leaves of the short lateral spurs 

 and those at the very base of the elongating shoots are 

 minute and tooth-like, or subulate, soon becoming brown 

 and falling early. Those on the upper part of the 

 elongating shoots vary from unilateral, falcate, serrated, 

 small but foliaceous organs, to large, half - cordate, 

 simply or doubly serrate, shortly stalked, foliaceous, 

 much - reticulated organs, with the principal nerves 

 radiating from the base of the lamina and passing into 

 the principal teeth. Thus there are at least three dis- 

 tinct types of stipules.^ These differences are probably 

 connected with the differences in the shoots. The latter 

 may be described as of two kinds, namely, those which 

 develop into more or less lengthy, leafy shoots, which 

 go to increase the height and breadth of the tree, and 

 those which form short lateral spurs. The latter are 

 very numerous, forming dense rosettes of leaves, and 

 produce clusters of flowers in profusion in adult bushes 

 and trees. Owing to the crowded state of their leaves 

 the bases of their petioles occupy the whole, or very 

 nearly the whole, of the surface of the short axis, thus 

 leaving little or no space for stipules. The lower or 

 outer leaves are very small, and entire or tridentate, or 

 trifid, with short petioles. Very often these have no 

 trace of stipules. The inner or upper leaves of these 

 rosettes are better developed, with elongated petioles, so 

 as to enable them to extend beyond and occupy the 

 space between the short ones. This is obviously a pro- 

 vision to expose every leaf to light. The stipules of 

 these longer -stalked leaves vary from mere points to 

 subulate or linear small brown organs, which, being 

 relatively functionless after the expansion of the leaves, 

 soon shrivel up and fall away. 



At or near the base of the elongated leafy shoots 

 fairly well -developed leaves occasionally occur which 

 have no stipules, but as a rule the stipules in this 

 position are also well developed. As these shoots 

 elongate and become vigorous the internodes become 



' Avebury (Lubbock), On Buds arul Stipules. 



