248 BRITISH FLOWERING PLANTS chap. 



H. echioides. — The plant is covered with stiff, bristly, 

 often hooked hairs. 



PiCRIS 



Achenes not beaked, with a whitish pappus. 

 P. hieracioides. — The plant is covered with short, stiff, 

 generally hooked hairs. 



Leontodon (Hawkbit) 



Achenes tapering into a short beak. Hairs of 

 pappus feathery. We have three species : in one, 

 L. hirtus, the achenes of the outer row have a pappus of 

 very short simple hairs ; in the other two all the achenes 

 have a feathery pappus — one, L. hispidus, is hairy, the 

 other, L. autumnalis, glabrous. 



L. autumnalis. — The heads contain from 50 to 80 

 florets. They are much visited by insects. The plant 

 is glabrous or with a few stiff hairs. 



L. hispidus. — The plant has short, stiff, erect hairs, 

 often forked or stellate at the top. 



L. hirtus.- — This is often regarded as a separate 

 genus — Thrincia — and with some reason. It is an 

 interesting example of a plant with two kinds of fruit. 

 The achenes of the outer row of florets are curved, taper 

 slightly at the top, and have a short scaly pappus. 

 Those of the other florets are long, striate, and rugose, 

 tapering at the top, and have a pappus of long brown 

 feathery hairs. These could be easily carried away by 

 the wind, while the former could grow close at home. 

 The plant is glabrous, or hispid with forked hairs. 



Hypochceris 



A few, but by no means all the florets, have palese, 

 or flat membranous outgrowths of the receptacle, repre- 

 senting the floral bracts. We have three species : one, 

 H. maculata, has the involucre hairy ; of the other 

 two, H. radicata has achenes ending in a slender beak, 

 while in H. glabra they have no beak. 



H. maculata. — According to Linnaeus, at Upsala the 



