II CAMPANULACE^: 255 



almost lost. The plant is sometimes, though rarely, 

 glabrous, sometimes clothed with simple, sometimes 

 with long, stiff hairs. 



Phyteuma (Rampion) 



The anthers shed their pollen in the bud, as in the 

 Compositee, but the tube into which it is received is not 

 enclosed by the anthers themselves, but by the lobes of 

 the corolla. The upper part of the pistil also resembles 

 that of the Compositae, in being provided with a brush, 

 and terminating in two branches. It acts in the same 

 manner, first sweeping out the pollen, after which the 

 two branches diverge, and thus expose the stigmas. 

 They are long enough eventually to reach some of the 

 neighbouring florets, and thus in the absence of insect 

 visitors the flower fertilises itself There are two British 

 species : one, P. orbiculare, has rounded, the other, P. 

 spicatum, oblong, and finally cylindrical, heads. 



P. spicatum. — Flower-heads with about 100 florets, 

 pale blue or yellowish white, with green tips. The plant 

 is glabrous or pubescent. It is found, in this country, 

 only in Eastern Sussex. 



P. orbiculare. — Flower-heads, with 15-30 florets, deep 

 blue. A native of the chalk downs in our south-eastern 

 counties. 



Campanula (Bell-flower) 



The corolla is regular, or nearly so, and bell-shaped, 

 as the name denotes. The lower parts of the filaments 

 are swollen and cover the honey ; the anthers are dis- 

 tinct ; the styles 2, 3, or 5. The flowers are especially 

 adapted for bees. The life-history of the flower falls 

 into four periods. Even before the opening the anthers 

 shed their pollen on to the hairy pistil, against which they 

 are pressed by the folded corolla (Fig. 159). This is the 

 first stage. Soon after the flowers open, the anthers and 

 upper part of the filaments shrivel up; the lower portions, 

 however, swell, and form a covering for the honey. The 

 hairs on the pistil gradually draw themselves in, thus 



