CONIFER^:; 



385 



connected by a thin membrane. Towards the edges the 



fibres turn suddenly backwards, and are frayed at the 



edges, forming an interlacing tissue 



which helps to strengthen the bud 



(Fig. 305, sc). These scales are very 



numerous. Some of the outer ones 



are truncate (Fig. 308). These are 



followed by a few that are tri- 

 angular - subulate and acuminate. 



Succeeding scales pass quickly from 



triangular to decidedly subulate 



forms, which are more or less revol- 



ute at the tip. They are followed 



by a few more which are linear, with 



a subulate base, and revolute at the 



tip. These scales with revolute tips 



are followed by a dense mass of 



others which are subulate -linear, 



acuminate, straight, and closely 



appressed to the bud. If a large 



terminal bud (Fig. 308, t) is taken, 



and the scales removed, it will be 



seen that the bud includes the whole 



of the plan of growth for the two 

 succeeding years (Fig. 307). 



The scales themselves are the 

 primary leaves of next summer's 

 shoot ; and their obovate per- 

 sistent bases constitute the per- 

 sistent scales upon the primary 

 axis. In the axils of these per- 

 sistent portions, which are green 

 in winter, we find the axillary 



axillary buds at the base ^uds which gO tO form the SCCOnd- 



of the terminal ; I, base ary shoots upou the resumption of 

 or needles. ^'*™° ''^ ^'^"^^ growth in Spring. In those buds con- 

 taining male catkins, the latter are 

 equivalent to axillary shoots, and occupy the lower 

 portion of the axis of the bud ; while the perfect leaves 



2 c 



Fig. 307. — l^imis syhesiris. 

 Terminal Lud. c, point 

 of insertion of a female 

 cone ; l, base of pair 

 of needles ; Ih, lateral 

 bud ; sc^ bases of primary 

 leaf scales which have 

 been removed, revealing 

 the axillary foliage-leaf 

 buds ; sc' , lower portion 

 of bud in which no 

 needles are developed ; 

 tb, extreme base of ter- 

 minal bud ; tb", ter- 

 minal bud of next year. 



x2. 



Apex of branch, 

 terminal bud, ; 



