LILIACE.E — JUNCACE^ 



425 



mid-styled, and short-styled flowers, and the elonga- 

 tion of the corolla is by no means 

 the same in the three forms. In 

 the long-styled, a,ccording to Kerner, 

 the longer petals grow 9 mm. and the 

 shorter 12'6 ; in the mid-styled the 

 longer grow 13 "5 mm. and the shorter 

 18'5 ; in the short-styled the longer 

 grow 10 mm. and the shorter 15 mm. 

 The anthers open outwards, which also 

 tends to cross - fertilisation, but the 

 stigmas remain fresh, and in the 

 absence of insects the flower fertilises 

 itself. It opens about 9 a.m. and closes 

 about 6 P.M. 



What appears to be the flower 

 stalk is really the tube of the corolla, 

 and the ovary is underground. Per- 

 haps the advantage of this is that as 

 the plant is an autumn flower, and 

 lives in northern and mountainous 

 districts, the seeds would not have time 

 to ripen before the cold weather sets ^"'- fiO--ooicMcum 



^ - - auiumnale. Styles 



m 



and ovary. 

 I nat. size. 



About 



The seed capsule remains, how- 

 ever, underground all the winter, rising 

 to the surface and ripening its seeds in the following 

 spring. 



JUNCACEiE 



Perianth regular, dry, in 6 segments. The Juncacese 

 are wind flowers, almost invariably protogynous. The 

 female condition may last a few minutes {J. squarrosus), 

 a few hours, or several days. Cleistogamous flowers 

 occur in some species ; in such cases the three inner 

 stamens are generally absent. 



A remarkable feature in the flowering of rushes is 



