ri GRAMINE^ 437 



vated fields though not a native — has small spikelets 

 interspersed with numerous barbed bristles, which would 

 easily attach themselves to any passing animal. 



Anthoxanthum 



A. odoratum. — This is the species which contributes 

 the most to the delightful scent of new-made hay. 

 It is markedly protogynous ; the anthers are not 

 ripe till the stigma is quite faded, so that the flower 

 cannot fertilise itself. The flowers open between 7 

 and 8 in the morning. The anthers are generally 

 yellow, sometimes red. 



Phalaris 



P. canariensis (Canary Grass). — The flowers open in 

 the afternoon. The plant is often found as an escape 

 in fields and waste places. 



DiGRAPHIS 



D. arundinacea. — This is slightly protogynous, so 

 that a flower can at first only be fertilised by the 

 pollen of an older flower ; it is, however, long-lived, so 

 that it may afterwards be fertilised by its own pollen, 

 and lastly by that of a younger flower. 



Phleum 



P. pratense. — According to Axell and Kirchner the 

 flowers are markedly protogynous, but Warnstorf found 

 the plants homogamous. The anthers are yellow or 

 violet. 



P. alpinum is, according to Schroter, protogynous. 



Alopeourus (Fox-tail) 



A. pratensis. — This species is markedly protogynous. 

 The anthers are white or grey, turning to red. The 

 flowers open, according to Kerner, from 7 to 8 a.m., but 



