42 



THE PKACTICAIj BEE GUIDE. 



like a book, each leaf 

 containing a comb, and 

 by this means he was 

 able to arrive at the dis- 

 coveries which have 

 made his name famous. 

 In 1838, Dzierzon. a 

 German and the dis- 

 coverer of partheno- 

 g-enesis, i.e., reproduc- 

 tion without fecundation 

 (44), began the use of 

 hives in which the 

 combs were attached to 

 top bars. This was im- 

 proved upon in 185 1 by 

 Langfstroth, "the father 

 of American apiculture," 

 who invented the hive 

 opening at the top, and 

 with combs in moveable, 

 suspended frames. 



*•' 81. Advantages of the 

 / Moveable-Comb Hive.— 

 To this invention mod- 

 ern bee-keeping owes 

 the rapid progress it has 

 made in the past half 

 century. The moveable 

 frame gives free access 

 to all parts of the hive, and admits of the various operations 

 by which control is exercised over the bees, and their labour 

 turned to the best account (142). The condition of the colony 

 may be thoroughly inspected (327) ; bees and combs may be 

 changed from one hive to another as required (252) ; queen 

 rearing (286) and artificial swarming (222) may be practised ; 

 natural swarming controlled (216); honey extracted without 

 destruction of the combs (276), and such intelligent manage- 

 ment can be pursued as may produce the best results. 



82. The Hive in Generai Use in ireland.— The modern 

 moveable<omb hive in general use in Ireland (Figs. 18 

 and iq) is made to take the frame which has been adopted as 

 the " standard " frame (97). The external measurements ot 

 hives may vary to any extent ; but the internal measurements 

 of the brood nest, or body box (86), must be such as will with 

 the utmost accuracy suit the measurements of the frame to be 



Fl?, 19. 

 THE C. D. B." HIVl. 



