ORDERS OF MAMMALIA. 



359 



the animal can pi-ogress in an erect or semi - erect posture. At 

 the same time the hind - feet are strictly prehensile, since the 

 thumbs are opposable tij the other toes. The canine teeth of the 

 males are veiy long, strong, and pointed, but this is not the case in 

 the females. 



In this tribe are the Gibbons, the Chimpanzee, the Orang-outang, 

 and the Uorida. The Gibbons form the genus Ili/lohates, and they 

 belong to Asia, India, and the Indian Archipelago. Tlie anterior 

 limbs in these monkeys are extremely long, and the hands nearly or 

 quite touch the ground when the animal stands erect. The Orang- 

 outang (iS'lmiu) has no cheek-i)Ouches, and the hips are covered with 

 hair. The arms are of excessive length, and the hind-legs very 

 short. When young, the head of the Orang-otitang is not very 

 different from that of n c!ii!d, Imt as the animal "rows, the l]ones of 



FiK". 2 A.— A, Skull uf the Oraiii,'-nutang ; B, Skull ola Euvoiiean ailnlt. 



the face graduallj' lengthen, whilst the skull remains much about 

 the same ; I'vent bony ridges are developed for the attachment of the 

 muscles which act upon the jaws ; the incisors ]n-oject ; the canine 

 teeth of the males become long and pointed, till ultimately the 

 muzzle becomes as pronounced and well marked as in the Carnivor- 

 ous animals (hg. 264, A). The only unquestionable sjjecies of Orang 

 is the Simla sati/nis, which inhabits Sumatra, Burneo, and the other 

 larger islands of the Indian Archipelago. The Chim])anzee and 

 Gorilla both belong to Africa, and form the genus Trugludytes. 

 The Chimpanzee is a native of Western Africa, and has the arms 

 much shorter proportionately than in the Gibbons and Orangs. Still 

 they are much longer than the hind-Hmbs, and reach below the 

 knees. The hands are naked to the wrist, and the face is also naked 



