3G0 ^RHTKHHA'I'K AXIMALS. 



aii'l much wrinkled. Tlje Gorilla is in most respects like the Chim- 

 panzee, but is much larger, attaining a height of fully five feet. It 

 is a native of Lower Guinea and Equatorial Africa, and is enor- 

 mously strong and very ferocicjus. It is now generally looked upon 

 as the highest of the Anthrojjoid Apes. 



(,)RDKR XVII. BiMANA. 



In this order stands Man alone, and little, therefore, needs to 

 he said on this head. Man is distinguished zoologically from all 

 other Mammals by his habitually erect posture and progression 

 upon two legs. The lower limbs are exclusively devoted to progres- 

 sion and to supporting the weight of the body. The fore-limbs ai-e 

 shoi'ter than the legs, and have nothing to do with jirogression. The 

 thumb can be opiposed to the other fingers, and the hands are there- 

 fore prehensile. The fingers and toes are furnished with nails ; but 

 the innermost digit of the fijot (the gi'eat toe) is not capable of 

 being opjpiosed to the other toes, so that the foot is useless as a 

 grasping organ. The foot is broad and plantigrade, the whole sole 

 being applied to the groinid in walking. 



The teeth are thirty-two in number, and they form a nearly even 



and uninterrupted series, withcjut any gap or interval. The dental 



formula is — 



•) -i ^ 1 9 i> o 9 



= .32. 



The brain is more largely (levelo]ied, and more richly furnished 

 with large and deep foldings or cunviilutioiis, than is the case in any 

 other jMamnial. Lastly, Man is the only terrestrial Mammal in 

 which the body is not furnisheil with a general covering of hair. 



The purely uHatoinical distinctions Iietween Man and the other 

 Mammals are tlnis seen to be not very striking, ancl of t/ieniselres 

 they W(juld hardly entitle Man to the position of forming a ilistinct 

 order in the cLuss Mammalia. Wlien, however, we take into account 

 the vast mental ditt'erences, Imth intellectual and moral, lietween 

 Man and the highest of the bi-utes, and wdien we reflect that this 

 mental difference must luive xmiii' jihysical ci>rres|iondenee, it be- 

 comes a que.stion whether the gniup Jliiiiiiini. should not have the 

 Vidue of a distinct sxd>kingdi>m, whilst there can be little hesitation 

 in giving Man at least a rlnxs in hini.self. 



In the words of Dr Pritcliai'd, "the sentiments, feelings, .sympa- 

 thies, internal consciousness, and mind, and the haliitudcs of mind 

 anil acticjii thence resulting, are the real and essential characteristics 

 of humanity." 



