TABLE OF CONTENTS. 



CHAPTER I. 



Plant Abchitectxtee. 



The Vegetable Kingdom. — Leading characters of Plants 

 contrasted with those of Animals. — Origin of "Division of 

 Labour." — Uses of the various Organs of Plants. — Modifica- 

 tions of Structure caused by external agencies. — Microscopic 

 Structures ........ pp. i — 53 



CHAPTER II. 



Chemistrt and Physics of Plant Life. 



Nature of Plant Food and how it is obtained. — Influence 

 of Light on Plant Life. — Influence of the Vegetable Kingdom 

 on surroundings. — Origin of Carnivorous Plants. — Sapro- 

 phytes. — Parasites. — Retrogression . . . .pp. 54 — 8g 



CHAPTER IIL 



Peotectite Aerangements. 



Origin of the Vegetable Kingdom. — The struggle for 

 existence. — Protection against climate. — Protection against 

 living enepiies.- — Saving of energy and expenditure of material 

 exhibited in modern modes of protection . . pp.90 — 115 



CHAPTER IV. 



Eepeoditction of Plants. 



Vegetative or asexual method. — Sexual method. — Gradual 

 evolution and advantages of the latter method. — Alternation 

 of generations. — Cross-fertilization. — Protection of reproduc- 

 tive portions of Plants ..... pp. 116 — 157 



