HOPS. 



Heusdorf permission to sell a hop garden ; and reference is 

 made to hop gardens in letters from the Aldesleben monastery 

 between the years 1354 and 1368. 



Information as to the date at which hopped beer had 

 become general in Germany is afforded by an enactment 

 (1364) of the Emperor Charles IV. with reference to a 

 complaint laid by the Bishop of Liege and Utrecht against 

 the hopped beer — which by that time had been in general 

 use for about thirty or forty years — and granting that 

 ecclesiastic the right of levying an indemnity of one groschen 

 on every barrel of such beer brought into the limits of his 

 jurisdiction. 



In the Netherlands, and particularly in Flanders, the 

 cultivation of hops was pursued at a very early period, though 

 no great development took place until the fourteenth cen- 

 tury. It was then that John the Bold, Duke of Burgundy, 

 founded the knightly Orders of the Daisy and the Hop, a 

 circumstance sufficiently showing the esteem in which the 

 latter was held. Hops were introduced into England, prob- 

 ably from Brunswick and Flanders, towards the close of the 

 fifteenth century (1492), but made very few friends, both 

 Henry VII. and Henry VIII. prohibiting their use in beer. 

 Edward VI., however, formed a better opinion of hops, and 

 granted numerous privileges in connection with their cul- 

 tivation. 



In Sweden the hop was only introduced comparatively 

 late, its functions having been previously discharged by 

 indigenous herbs such as plague-wort, Myrica gale and Ledum 

 palustre. Notwithstanding the promulgation in 1440 of an 

 ordinance enacting that every farmer should grow forty 

 poles of hops, it was not until the second half of the 

 seventeenth century that the cultivation of this plant made 

 much headway, particular attention being then bestowed on 

 the matter by Charles X. (the successor of Queen Christina). 



