HISTOEY OF THE HOP. 5 



This monarch was the real founder of the Swedish hop- 

 growing industry, which he admirably assisted by procuring 

 stocks from celebrated hop districts : Grafenhain, Gardelegen, 

 Lenz, etc., and by making laws (in 1669) relating to the 

 management of hop gardens. In spite of all, however, 

 Sweden never occupied any important position as a hop- 

 growing country. 



With regard to France, there are no reliable data available 

 to show at what period hop cultivation was commenced. 

 Still, it may be assumed that the plant was brought in 

 from neighbouring countries at a very early date, though 

 it did not attain to importance until a later epoch. 



In Russia and Austria hops have been grown for ages. 

 The condition of the industry in the latter country will be 

 dealt with on a subsequent page. 



Although, generally speaking, the cultivation of hops 

 has advanced in course of time, it must not be overlooked 

 that the industry has disappeared in many districts where it 

 formerly contributed to the well-being of the inhabitants. 

 Thus, for example, whereas formerly the town of Bukow 

 was surrounded by thriving hop gardens, their cultivation 

 has since been discontinued, both there and at Politz in 

 Pomerania. 



Frederick the Great established the hop-growing indus- 

 try around Potsdam, and is said to have brought skilled 

 growers from Bukow for that purpose. At present, how- 

 ever, the only traces left are in a few names, some of the 

 fields being still known as " the hop garden ". A large 

 area was in cultivation under hops round Miinsterberg in 

 Prussian Silesia towards the end of the eighteenth century, 

 whereas now the production is merely trifling. In 1840 

 Councillor F. von Eaumer occupied himself with the intro- 

 duction of improved methods of hop cultivation at Kaltwasser, 

 near Liegnitz, in the same province, and at that time 11 



