CULTIVATION. 69 



wild hop prefers situations where the ground is covered with 

 bushes, this is less on account of the shade they afford than 

 the greater facilities they offer for climbing. Moreover, in 

 such places the wild hop usually finds sufficient moisture to 

 enable it to accomplish its endeavours in the direction of 

 luxuriant growth. It chmbs rapidly upwards, and a close 

 examination will show that the flower-bearing branches 

 exhibit an unmistakable tendency to grow out of the over- 

 shadowing bushes and develop their flowers and cones in 

 the open, free and unshaded. The cones, deprived of the 

 beneficent influence of light, ripen later and contain but Uttle 

 lupuhn, evils which are still more decidedly manifested in 

 the case of cultivated hops. 



In planting a hop garden it is therefore necessary to bear 

 in mind the conditions obtaining with regard to hght, dis- 

 tricts that are usually pretty free from clouds during and 

 after the flowering time of the hop being better than those 

 where clouds and recurrent thick fogs are frequent. 



In this respect the red varieties of hops are more sus- 

 ceptible ; and, indeed, on the whole their requirements are 

 greater than those of the green sorts. 



The following details (see Table A), though somewhat 

 scanty, afford a certain amount of information of the climatic 

 conditions prevailing in the hop-growing districts of Saaz 

 (red-hop land) and Dauba (green-hop land), in Bohemia ; 

 Schwetzingen (red-hop land), in Baden ; Eottenburg (green- 

 hop land), in .Wiirtemburg ; and New York and Oregon, in 

 North America, and thus approximately outline the optimum 

 climate for hop cultivation. 



Saaz is situated in latitude 50"195° N., longitude 13"125° 

 E., at an altitude of 765 feet above sea level. The mean 

 summer temperature (1st April to 1st October) is 15"2° C. 

 (59-4° F.), and corresponds to a total heat of 2781° C. The 

 temperature during April and May is fairly high, and then 



