CULTIVATION. 103 



afford a certain amount of protection to the garden by 

 ameliorating the evil influence of wind and storms, the 

 former especially. 



Though the task of marking out the ground for hop 

 planting is, of itself, very simple, it must nevertheless be 

 done carefully, since careless and irregular marking renders 

 the hop garden permanently unsightly and increases the 

 difficulties of ploughing. 



For marking out in the triangular system '^e following 

 procedure should be adopted : In the first place, if the field 

 is not naturally rectangular, a rectangular space must be 

 pegged out (see m, n, o, p, Fig. 19). Then, in the position to 

 be occupied by the first row ax, a cord, knotted at intervals 

 representing one half of the side of the desired triangle, is 

 stretched in a direction parallel to the side mn, and the 

 position of the knots is marked by pegs. The same plan is 

 next followed along the side op. 



Then a second cord is stretched from a in the direction q, 

 this cord being also knotted, but in such a manner that the 

 intervals between the knots are equal to double the length 

 of the hypotenuse, i.e. — 2h. The position of these knots, 

 which represent the position of the subsequently erected hop 

 poles, is marked by pegs. In gardens where firames are to be 

 used for training the hops it is better to put in at once the 

 pegs to which the training wires will afterwards be attached. 

 The first row will now be finished, and the second row may 

 be commenced by laying the cord along the direction cc, mark- 

 ing off the single length h and from this point marking off 

 the knotted lengths = 2/i. The third row is treated like the 

 first, the fourth like the second, and so on. 



That portion of the field lying outside the pegged rect- 

 angle is marked by the aid of a set frame (Fig. 22) made of 

 laths, the limbs s s being the same length as the sides of the 

 triangle, and enclosing an angle of 60°. 



