CULTIVATION. 



121 



Where the gardens are laid out on steep slopes even the 

 best horse implements are of little use, and in such places 

 hand tools will continue to be exclusively employed and 

 give favourable results. Of the different kinds of such 

 tools used for working the soil in various hop districts 

 there is no need to refer to more than a few typical forms. 

 The shapes current are by no means accidental, but have 

 been gradually evolved in harmony with local requirements, 

 particularly as regards the nature of the soil. 



Pig. 32. Fig 33. Pig. 34. 



Krumbach hop mattock. English hop mattook. Swabian hop mattock. 



What shape of tool to use under any given conditions 

 is a question which practically settles itself, the pointed 

 form (Saaz mattock and Bayreuth mattock) being best 

 adapted for stony and compact soils, whilst for light land 

 the broad mattock is preferable, such as shown in Figs. 30, 

 and 32 to 34. 



