136 



THE BIRDS OF EASTERN NORTH AMERICA. 



(2.) First primary, uot sliurt, never less tlum two thirds us loug- :us second or third; bill, 

 stout and conical ; nostrils, liigli near the oulmen ; primaries, 9 ; tarsus, flattened behind. 



^'ft^, 424 

 Top ol' bill. Sido of liill. 



Family FRINQILLID/E. Sparrows, Finches, Buntings, etc. 



See ijage 2'2(j. 



First primary, uot sliort, never less tlian two tliirds as long 

 as tliird, and often nearly the same length ; bill, slender and 

 pointed ; back of tarsus, thin and sharp, not rounded as in front; 

 hind toe and claw, not longer tlian middle loe and claw. 



498 



525 ^^' 628 



Family AINIOTILTID/E. Warblers. 



See page 27.5. 



GROUP 3. 



Birds having wings measuring from 2.75 to 3.25 



inclies long.* 



Section 1. First primary less tlian Iialf as long as third. 



Part 1. A small but distinct hook or notch at tip of upper mandible. 



r>ill, very slightly hooked; primaries, 

 10, the first often very short; toes, joined 

 together at base. Pl.aiu colored birds, 

 usually greenish or grayish, but often show 

 a faint wash of yellow on underparts ; tail, 

 always without white spots. 



Family VIREONID/E. Vireos. 



See page 271. 



For rllrcctions for measurement, see paj^e viii. 



