36 VETERINARY STATE BOARD 



CHLOEOFOEM 



How is chloroform prepared? Write the formula of chloroform. 



Chloroform is prepared by the action of chlorinated lime on 

 alcohol, or the purest from chloral. Formula, CHCI3. 



Give the properties of chloroform. 



Chloroform is a heavy, colorless liquid of a characteristic ethereal 

 odor, a burning, sweet taste, and a neutral reaction ; it is but spar- 

 ingly soluble in water, but miscible with alcohol and ether in all 

 proportions. It evaporates rapidly at aU temperatures. Specific 

 gravity, about 1.48. 



lODOFOEM 



State the derivation of iodoform. 



Iodoform is a derivative of methane, CH^, in which three atoms 

 of hydrogen have been replaced by three atoms of iodine. It is 

 made by heating together an aqueous solution of an alkali car- 

 bonate, iodine and alcohol, until the brown color of iodine has disap- 

 peared ; on cooling, iodoform is deposited in yellow scales, which are 

 washed and dried between filter paper. 



Give the chemical formula and uses of iodoform. 



CHI3. It is used in surgery as an antiseptic for wound dress- 

 ings, also for its slight local anaesthetic effect. 



CHLOEAL 



Describe chloral. 



Chloral is a colorless, oily liquid, with a penetrating odor and 

 an acrid taste; soluble in water; specific gravity, 1.5. Formula, 

 C2HCI3O. 



How is chloral hydrate made? Mention its principal uses in medicine. 

 Chloral hydrate is made by adding chloral to water, forming 

 crystals. It is used in medicine for its hypnotic effect. 



What is the difference between chloral hydrate and chloroform? 



Chloral hydrate, C2HCI3O. 



Chloroform, CHCL. 



Chloral hydrate is freely soluble in water; chloroform is only 

 sparingly so. Chloral hydrate is a crystalline mass and volatilizes 

 slowly at ordinary temperatures, whereas chloroform is a liquid 

 and volatizes rapidly at all temperatures. 



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