QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 107 



Hippuric acid 

 Uric acid 

 Grape sugar. 

 Nitrogen, oxygen and carbon dioxide gases are also present. 



Describe the composition of the blood with reference to the nature and 

 the purpose of each component part. 

 It consists of a colorless liquid, the plasma, containing red 

 blood-corpuscles (erythrocytes), yellowish, circular, biconcave discs, 

 containing haemoglobin which carries the oxygen; white blood-cor- 

 puscles (leucocytes), white spherical amceboid masses of proto- 

 plasm, having phagocytic powers ; blood platelets, small bodies, one- 

 quarter the size of a red cell, function unknown. 



Mention the proteids of the blood. 



Fibrinogen, serum albumin, serum globulin, fibrin ferment and 

 fibrin globulin. 



Mention three gases found in the blood. Indicate the relative amount 



of each of these gases in arterial blood and in venous blood, 



respectively. 



Oxygen, carbon dioxide and nitrogen. In the arteries, oxygen 



is present in a greater amount and carbon dioxide in a lesser 



amount than in the veins. The amount of nitrogen is practically 



the same in both cases. 



State the average amount of blood in the horse. 



6.6 per cent, of the body weight. About 66 pounds or 55 pints 

 in the average horse. 



Describe the function of (a) red blood-corpuscles, (b) leucocytes. 



(a) Carriers of oxygen. 



(b) Take up and digest bacteria and other injurious substances 

 (phagocytosis) . 



State how the red blood-corpuscles vary in size and shape in the dif- 

 ferent animals. 

 Horse: non-nucleated, biconcave discs, 4 to 5 microns in diameter. 

 Ox: non-nucleated, biconcave discs, 3 to 5 microns in diameter. 

 Sheep : non-nucleated, biconcave discs, 2 to 4 microns in diameter. 

 Dog: non-nucleated, biconcave discs, 5 to 7 microns in diameter. 

 Cat: non-nucleated, biconcave discs, 5 to 6 microns in diameter. 

 Camel : non-nucleated, oval bodies, 7 microns long, 4 microns broad. 

 Fowls : nucleated, oval bodies, 12 microns long, 7.5 microns broad. 



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