QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 173 



be complicated with the respiratory affection of swine plague. 

 Chronic form, after 1-3 weeks, acute symptoms diminish, appetite 

 improves, diarrhcsa ceases; recovery; others, the appetite remains 

 irregular, occasional diarrhoea, ancemia, cachexia, exhaustion and 

 death after several months. 



Swine plague: Often appears as a complication of hog cholera. 

 Less commonly as a primary affection. Peracute form : high fever, 

 weakness, anorexia, petechia, symptoms of hemorrhagic septicaemia ; 

 die in 12 to 24 hours. Acute form : fever 104°-106° F., nasal dis- 

 charge, paroxysmal cough, dyspnoea, pneumonia, tenderness of 

 thorax (pleurisy), cyanotic membranes, rapid, throbbing pulse; 

 constipation followed by diarrhoea, anorexia, emaciation, petechias, 

 die in 1 to 2 weeks ; recovery rare. Chronic form follows subsidence 

 of acute symptoms; coughing and difficult respiration persist; 

 cachexia ; polyarthritis ; die in 3 to 6 weeks. 



What prophylactic measures and means of extinction should be em- 

 ployed in an outbreak of hog cholera or swine plague? 

 Hog cholera: Separate the well from the affected and divide 

 into small groups ; should any of these show symptoms, repeat the 

 procedure. Destroy affected and thoroughly disinfect premises; 

 isolate newly-purchased animals for three weeks before introducing 

 them into herd ; quarantine ; immunize and treat with seriun. 



Swine plague : Separate the well from the affected ; destroy car- 

 casses, thoroughly disinfect, quarantine and immunize with hog 

 cholera serum. (Hog cholera and swine plague often exist in the 

 same animal.) 



State causes of horse-pox and cowpox. 



An ultramicroscopic, filtrable virus, called "virus of variola." 



Give the general symptoms, the sequelae and the best methods of treat- 

 ment, restriction and extinction of horse- and cowpox. 



Horse-pox is very rare and its occurrence is doubted by many 

 good authorities. A vesiculopustular exanthema in the flexor re- 

 gion of the pastern of young animals is considered as horse-pox. 

 This is usually accompanied by a slight elevation of temperature. 

 Treatment consists of antiseptic dressing of affected part. 



Cowpox occurs sporadically on the teats and around their base ; 

 5 to 20 nodules, size of a pea, develop into vesicles, pustules and 

 rupture, leaving an ulcer, scab and scar, respectively. Duration, 

 1 to 2 weeks ; slight general disturbance, fever, diminished appetite, 

 irregular rumination, changes in the milk not constant. Scrotum 

 affected in the male. Sequela;: mastitis, wound infection. 



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