QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 181 



arranges itself in the tissues similar to the ray fungus of actino- 

 mycosis. The four cases that were observed in Canada, in 1904, 

 are the only ones ever reported in America. It is a very rare dis- 

 ease ; symptoms and treatment are the same as in actinomycosis. 



Describe the symptoms and course of tuberculosis in cattle. 



The symptoms vary according to the course of the disease. 

 There are two forms, acute or miliary, and chronic. The latter is 

 by far the more common. Acute form : Rapid loss of flesh, anorexia, 

 cough, weakness, dyspnoea, slight fever, increased pulse, enlarged 

 lymph-glands ; very rapid course terminating in death in a few 

 months. 



Chronic form : Symptoms vary according to location and extent 

 of lesions. Many badly affected cases show no prominent symptoms. 

 In general we observe: emaciation (tubercular cachexia), although 

 the appetite remains good; staring coat; cough, especially if the 

 lungs are involved. The palpable lymph-glands are painless, hard 

 and enlarged. Enlarged mediastinal lymph-glands may press on 

 the CESophagus and bronchi, thereby producing tympany and 

 dyspnoea. Indigestion, shown by diarrhoea and constipation, fol- 

 lows tuberculosis of the stomach and intestines. Enlargement and 

 hardening of the udder, and changes in the milk are observed in 

 advanced cases of udder affection. Nervous derangement indicates 

 involvement of the brain and spinal cord. In tuberculosis of the 

 bones and joints, the parts are enlarged and lameness is shown. 



What is dourine? 



Dourine is a chronic, contagious affection of breeding horses, 

 transmitted by copulation, and is characterized first by local lesions 

 on the external genitals, such as swellings, ulcers and scars, which 

 is followed later by an affection of the nervous system, as shown 

 by hypersesthesia and paralysis. 



Give the cause and S5miptoms of dourine. 



Trypanosoma equiperdum, transmitted by contagion and almost 

 exclusively by the act of coition. 



Symptoms : In the stallion, from one week to two months after 

 infection a cold painless swelling develops on the glans penis, 

 sheath, scrotum and abdomen; an urethral discharge, vesicles and 

 ulcers may occur, although not constant ; paraphymosis, semi-erec- 

 tions, slight fever, strangury, paresis of hind limbs, emaciation, 

 weakness, dementia, decubitus and sMn eruption are some of the 

 various symptoms presented. Course: 2 to 3 months to as many 

 years, terminating usually by death. In mares: vulvar swelling. 

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