184 VETERINAKT STATE BOARD 



polyartkritis, "tucked-up" abdomen, pleuritic ridge, emaciation, 

 fractures, tearing away of ligamentous and tendinous attachments, 

 etc., are among the prominent symptoms of the disease. 



Course: Chronic, running several months or years, ending in 

 death. Improvement may follow under proper handling if taken 

 early, but relapses are common. 



What is the treatment for osteoporosis? 



Change of feed and environment. Calcium phosphate, in two- 

 drachm doses three times daily, may be useful. Best to turn the 

 horse out in pasture and make him "rough it" for a year. 



Give cause, symptoms and treatment for rachitis. 



Causes: Hereditary, lack of lime salts in the food, unhygienic 

 conditions. 



Symptoms : Unthrifty appearance, easily fatigued, recumbency, 

 stiffness ; tender, swollen joints ; enlarged epiphyses, long bones bent ; 

 brittleness of bones and loosening of teeth ; diarrhoea. 



Treatment: Principally hygienic; provide fresh air and sun- 

 shine ; feed nutritious rations, rich in earthy salts, phosphates, bone 

 dust, lime water, dilute hydrochloric acid, etc. 



Name the different forms of diabetes and give the treatment for each. 



Diabetes mellitus is characterised by the passing of a large 

 amount of urine, containing an excessive amount of sugar. 



Diabetes insipidus is a chronic disease marked by great thirst 

 and the passage of a large amoimt of urine but no excess of sugar. 



Diabetes mellitus is practically incurable ; treat by limiting the 

 amount of carbohydrates and feed more fats and proteids. Car- 

 nivora may be fed fat meat, eggs, buttermilk. Opium and Carlsbad 

 salts are said to be helpful. 



Diabetes insipidus is unsatisfactory to treat. It is usually due 

 to chronic interstitial nephritis. Give vasoconstrictors, as ergot, 

 valerian, etc. 



Diseases op the Ueinaey Organs 

 Define pyelitis. How diagnosed and treated? 



Inflammation of the pelvis of the kidney. Diagnosed by micro- 

 scopical examination of the urine and finding epithelial cells from 

 the pelvis, blood-cells and pus. Usual symptoms of nephritis. 



Treatment : Abimdance of pure water, sodium bicarbonate, urin- 

 ary antiseptics, hot fomentations over loins. 



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