QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 217 



It is frequently incurable. Massage, counter-irritants, subcu- 

 taneous injections of veratrin, turpentine and Lugol 's solution have 

 been used with more or less beneficial results. 



Diseases of Blood-vessels 



Define aneurism. Give the varieties of aneurism. 



An aneurism is a sac formed by the dilatation of the walls of an 

 artery and filled with blood. 



True aneurism is one in which the sac is formed by the coats of 

 the arterial walls, one of which, at least, is unbroken. 



False aneurism is one in which all of the coats of the artery are 

 ruptured and the blood is retained by the surrounding tissues. 



Define and give causes of (a) arteritis, (b) phlebitis. 



(a) Inflammation of an artery. 



(b) Inflammation of a vein. 



Causes: Traumatisms, infection, parasites, phlebotomy, emboli 

 and intravenous medication. 



Define lymphangitis. Give causes, symptoms and treatment. 



Inflammation of lymphatic vessels. Usually follows wound in- 

 fection, due to the entrance of pus-producing organisms into the 

 open lymphatic vessels. Specific infections, as saccharomyces farci- 

 minosis, sporothrix, etc. 



Symptoms: Lymph-vessels stand out prominently as cord-like 

 swellings, interrupted by nodules (the valves) ; lymph-glands in 

 the aifected region usually enlarged. Abscess formation along the 

 course of the vessels, at the seat of valves. Chronic cases show great 

 thickening of the skin and subcutaneous connective tissue. 



Treatment: Cold irrigation. Open abscesses and give free 

 drainage to wounds. Use antiseptics freely. Hot fomentations 

 may be useful in long-standing cases. Internal administration of 

 potassium iodide in specific infections, sporothricosis, epizootic 

 lymphangitis. 



Eye, Eae and Throat 



Give the causes, symptoms and treatment of acute catarrhal conjunc- 

 tivitis. 



Causes : Cold, traumatisms, foreign bodies, strong gases, smoke, 

 infection, accompanies certain infectious diseases, influenza, dog 

 distemper, etc. 



Symptoms : Redness, laehrymation, discharge of mucopurulent, 

 or simply watery, nature. Swelling and closure of the lids which are 



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