344 VETERINAET STATE BOARD 



What is (a) a vaccine, (b) a bacterin. 



These two terms are being used synonymously of late, although 

 a distinction was formerly, and should now be, made. 



A vaccine is the modified and attenuated virus of a disease, in- 

 capable of producing a severe infection, but affording protection 

 against the action of the unmodified virus. The term is also applied 

 to emulsions of dead bacteria. Vaccines are designed to antagonize 

 bacterial infection, either in advance of a disease (prophylactic, as 

 in black-leg), or after the advent of the disease (therapeutic, as in 

 the use of vaccines in wound infections). 



A bacterin is an emulsion of dead cultures of specific bacteria 

 in water or a saline solution, administered hypodermically to pro- 

 duce an active immunity against the particular bacteria. 



What is meant by " autogenous vaccine "? 



A vaccine derived from bacteria taken from the patient infected 

 and intended to be injected into the same individual. It is far 

 superior to the "stock vaccines," which are suspensions of bacteria 

 derived from any convenient source and are intended to be used in 

 the treatment of infections due to the same organism in any 

 individual. 



Discuss bacterin therapy. 



Same as vaccine therapy, described above. 



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