THE SANDAL. 428 



From an inspection of this cut it will be seen, that the shoe, or iron part of 

 the sandal, consists of three principal parts, to which the others are appendages; 

 which are, the tip, so called from its resemblance to the horse-shoe of that name ; 

 the middle bar, the broad part proceeding backward from the tip ; and the side 

 bars, or branches of the middle bar, extending to the heels of the hoof. The 

 appendages are, the toe-clasp, the part projecting from the front of the tip, and 

 which moves by a hinge upon the toe-clip, which toe-clasp is furnished with 

 two iron loops. The heel-clips are two clips at the heels of the side bars which 

 correspond to the toe-clip ; the latter embracing the toe of the crust, while the 

 former embrace its heels. Through the heel-clips run the rings, which move 

 and act like a hinge, and are double, for the purpose of admitting both the straps. 

 In the plate, the right ring only is represented ; the left being omitted, the 

 better to show the heel-clip. The straps which are composed of web consist of 

 a hoof strap and a heel and coronet strap. 



The hoof-strap is furnished with a buckle, whose office it is to bind the shoe 

 to the hoof; for which purpose it is passed through the lower rings and both 

 loops of the shoe, and is made to encircle the hoof twice. 



The heel and coronet-strap is furnished with two pads and two sliding loops ; 

 one, a movable pad, reposes on the heel, to defend that part from the pressure 

 and friction of the strap ; the other, a pad attached to the strap near the buckle, 

 affords a similar defence to the coronet, in front. The heel-strap runs through 

 the upper rings, crosses the heel, and encircles the coronet, and its office is to 

 keep the heels of the shoe closely applied to the hoof, and to prevent them from 

 sliding forward. 



In the application of the sandal the foot is taken up with one hand, and the 

 shoe slipped upon it with the other. With the same hand the shoe is retained 

 in its place, while the foot is gradually let down to rest on the ground. As soon 

 as this is done, the straps are drawn as tight as possible and buckled. 



The above cut presents an accurate delineation of the sandal, when properly 

 fastened on the foot. 



Horses occasionally fall from bad riding, or bad shoeing, or overreaching, or 

 an awkward way of setting on the saddle. The head, the neck, the knees, the 

 back, or the legs, will oftenest suffer. It is often difficult to get the animal on 



