264 



SYSTEM A TIC SYNOPSIS. — PA SSEBES — OS CINE S. 



long, soft, and loose, without bright colors or well-marked changes according to sex, age, or 

 season (excepting Awiparus). 



There may be about seventy-iive good species of the Parincc, thus restricted, most of 

 them falling in the genus Partis, or in its immediate neighborhood. With few exceptions 

 they are birds of the northern hemisphere, abounding in Europe, Asia, and North America. 

 The larger proportion of the genera and species inhabit the Old World. All those of the Xew 



World occur within our limits. 



Ana/i/sis of Genera. 

 Crested. 



Wings and tail rouuded, of about equal lengths. No red or yellow Lophophanes 13 



Not crested. 



"Wings and tail rounded, of about equal lengths. No red or yellow Parus 14 



Wings rounded, shorter than the graduated tail. No red or yellow Psaltriparus 15 



Wings pointed, longer than the even tail. Head yellow ; bend of wing red Auriparus 16 



13. LOPHO'PHANES. (Gr. \6(pos, loplios, a crest; rpalvm, x^ltaino, I appear.) Crested Tit- 

 mice. Head crested. Wings and tail rounded, of about equal lengths, and about as lung as 

 the body. Bill conoid-compressed, with upper and under outlines both convex. No yellow on 

 head nor red on wing. Plumage lax, much the same in both sexes at all ages and seasons. 

 Average size of the species at a maximum for Parince. Nests excavated in trees ; eggs spotted. 



Analysis of Species. 



Frontlet black ; sides washed with rusty. Eastern bico/or 40 



Crest like rest of upper parts ; no rusty on sides. Southwestern inornatus 41 



Crest entirely black ; rusty on sides. Texan atrocristaius 42 



Head with several black stripes ; no rusty on sides. Southwestern v:olhveberi 43 



40. li. bi'color. (Lat. Us, twice; color, color. Fig. 136.) Tufted Titmouse. $ 9, adult: 



Entire upper parts ashy, the back usually with a slight 

 oUvaceous shade, the wungs and tail rather purer and darker 



,j_ plumbeous, the latter sometimes showing obsolete transverse 



^ ■ bars. Sides of the head and entire under parts dull whitish, 



^_, .r«^ ^ washed with chestnut-bro'wn on the sides. A black frontlet 



-#• \i 'WK '^^ *'^® base of the crest. Bill plumbeous-blackish ; feet pluiii- 



.-fS!*^(f^^ f^^^^ beous. Length 6.00-6.50 inches; extent 9.75-10.75; wing 



and tail 3.00-3.25; bill 0.40; tarsus 0.80; middle toe and 



claw 0.75. 9 smaller than ^. Young: The crest less devel- 



^ '''■', ''i^Slfr oped ; little if any trace of the black frontlet ; sides scarcely 



i^''^i^^3' washed with rusty. Eastern U. S., rather southerly; scarcely 



i0/P^^ N. to New England ; resident, abundant in woodland and 



shrubbery. Nest in holes; eggs 6 or 8, 0.75 X 0.56, white, 

 Fig. 136. -Tufted Titmouse, i ,j- i t, , v i 



nat. size. (Ad nat. del. E. C.) dotted with reddish-brown and lilac. 



41. L. inorna'tus. (Lat. m, as signifying negation, and ornatus, adorned ; orno, I ornament.) 

 Plain Titmouse. <? 9 , adult : Entire upper parts dull leaden-gray, with a slight olive 

 shade ; the wings and tail rather purer and darker. Below, dull ashy-whitish, without any 

 rusty wash on the sides. No black on the head. Extreme forehead and sides of the head 

 obscurely speclded with whitish. No decided markings anywhere. In size rather less than 

 L. bieolor; length usually under 6.00 ; wing and tail under 3.00. Young quite hke the adults, 

 which closely resemble the young of L. bieolor; but in the latter there are traces at least of the 

 reddish of the sides or black of the frontlet, or both ; the general coloration is purer, with more 

 distinction between the upper and under parts, and the size is rather greater. The speckled 

 appearance of the sides of the head and lores of L. inornatus is peculiar. Southwestern United 

 States, abundant, resident. The typical form Californian ; a rather larger, stouter-billed form, 

 lighter leaden-gray with scarcely any olive shade, from Utah, Arizona, etc., is L. i. griseuSy 

 Kidgw., Pr. U. S. Nat. Mus., v., 1882, p. Ui. 



