COR VIDjE — GAME ULIN2E : J A YS. 



419 



109. 



34G. 



on belly; the throat with whitish streaks; wings dusky on the inner webs. Bill and feet 

 black. Iris brown. Length 11.00-12.00; extent 16.50-19.00; wing 5.50-G.OO; tail about 

 4.50; bill 1.33, but from 1.25-1.50; ? smaller, duller. Rocky Mt. region; much the same 

 elevated distribution as the last, but apparently rather more southerly ; decidedly gregarious, 

 and very abundant in some places. A remarkable bird, combining the form of a crow with 

 the color and habits of a jay, and a peculiarly sliaped bill. It roves about in noisy restless 

 flocks, sometimes of thousands, in search of food, which is pine seeds, especially pinones, juni- 

 per berries, acorns, etc. Breeds in colonies ; nest in piilon pines and other evergreens, compact 

 but bulky, of twigs, and fibrous bark-strips well worked together; eggK 3-1, 1.25 X 0.87, 

 greenish-white, profusely spotted with light brown and purplish ; hud iu April. 



27. Subfamily CARRULIN>E: Jays. 



J/jl^ ^ - ^ With the wings much shorter than or about 



^I'vl' A GbL Oi^'^Tyu^' •■■^ equalling the tail, both rounded; tip of the 



■-i^%. m\ "^BbI^^Li, ^'^'^Pw^^"'^ 3 " wing formed by the 4th-7th quills. The feet, 



Wl&\i/\\/ ■^fc^P^^*^'-'-^' -I H^fifi ^'-."~ ^^ ^^■'^ ^^ ^'^'^ ^^' *^'® usually weaker than in 



'livfilM M^^^H^ '.bik-':'^'i ' ES^f?.^'-^',? ' the true crows, and the birds are UKjre strictly 



rS''^^l1M\W^SBH^BK^'' ' y^tti'^uS^V arborlciole, usually advancing by leaps vi'hen on 



- /JiiOm^^^Si^^^^-, ''^^Ki^"?^ ^'"^ ground, to which they do n(jt habitually re- 



=^-,,')SB|^^\^^^^^H|J^!^^^Hfej^ sort. In striking contrast to most CorvincB, the 



/^^^^^^»^i(?^:^J5llB^^^^^5Svjf jays are usually birds of bright and varied colors, 



r7/' ^"%3&«^^Siiiy^^'Ci:^^^B^^^Sfe^ ^ among which blue is the most prominent: and 



" ,':. ^' -^£J|^^^^;'JS^^^^RHr"''^~^ "^'- ^^'^ hcaA is frequently crested. The sexes are 



^^^^^PSij.-^Vf^'^^'^ ^" nearly alike, and the changes of plumage do 



Fig. 272. -European Jay (Garrttdis ^ianrfarius). ""t appear to be as great as is usual among 



(From Dixon.) highly-Colored birds, althcjugh some differences 



are frequently observable. Our well-known Blue Jay is a familiar illustration of the habits and 



traits of the species in general. They are found in most parts of the wcjrld, and reach their 



highest development in the warmer portions of America. With one boreal exception (Peri- 



soreus}, the genera of the Old and New World are entirely different. 



It is proper to observe, that, while the American Corvinie and GarruliniE, upon which the 

 foregoing paragraphs are mainly drawn up, are readily distinguishable, the characters given 

 may require modification in their application to the whole family, the different divisions of 

 which appear to intergrade closely. Our six genera are easily discriminated. 



Analysis of Genera. 

 Nostrils large, naked. 



Not-, crested. General eolor brown Psiiorhinus 109 



Nostrils moderate, covered by feathers. 



First primary attenuated, falcate: tail exceedingly long, graduated. 



Not crested. Colors black, wliite, and iridescent Pica 110 



First primary not attenuated. Tail moderate. 



Crested. Blue: wings and tail barred with black Cyanocitta HI 



Not crested. Blue: wings and tail unbarred Aphelocoma 112 



Green and yellow, with blue and black on head Xanthura 113 



Gray, with slaty wings and tail Perisoreus 114 



PSIL.ORHI'NUS. (Gr. ^iXos, psilos, smooth, bare, bald ; pis, pims, hris, hrinos, nose.) 

 Brown Jays. Smoky Pies. Nostrils exposed, large, rounded. Bill stout, with very convex 

 culmen, curved from the base. Wings and tail of about equal lengths, both rounded. Of 

 large size, and smoky-brown color ; not crested. 



P. mo'rio. (Lat. morio, " a dark browm gem.") Brown Jay. Smoky-brown, darker (ui 

 head, fading on belly ; wings and tail with bluish gloss. Bill and feet black, sometimes yel- 



