814 



SYSTEMATIC SYNOPSIS. — PYGOPOBES. 



551.) Craveri's Murrelet. EesemWes the last; 

 the under surface of the wing dark. L. California, 



869. 15- crave'rii? (To F. Craveri. Fig, 

 questionably distinct ; differs in having 

 both sides. 



870. B. brachy'pterus ? (Gr. fipaxis, hrachus, short; nrepov. pteron, wing.) Short-winged 

 MuEEELET. Tarsus said to be longer than middle toe. BiU about ^ as long as head 

 Above, cinereous, the wings and tail 

 blackish. Neck on sides and below, 

 breast and belly white. Length 9.00. 

 Unalashka. (This is tire substance of 

 Brandt's original description. The al- 

 leged species is unknown to me, and no 

 specimens are known to exist in tliis 

 country.) 



345. U'RIA. (Gr. ovpla, ouria, a kind of 

 waterfowl.) Black Guillemots. Bill 

 much shorter than head, about equal to 

 tarsus, straight, rather stout, moderately 

 compressed ; culmen at first straight, tlien 

 deourved ; gape straight to near tip ; 

 gonys short, straight, ascending, about h ^"^- 5B1. — Craven's llurr.'iut, ii.tt. fize, (From Elliot,) 



as long as culmen. No nick or gi-oove near tip of upper inaudible; its tt)mial edge scarcely 

 inflected. Nasal fossae large and deep, partially filled with feathers which do not entirely 

 cover the nostrils. Feathers salient in rounded outline on side of kiwer inaudible. Tail little 

 rounded, contained 21 thnes in length of wing. Tarsus entirely reticulate, slightly shorter than 

 middle toe without claw. Claws compressed, arched, acute, the outer grooved on outer side, 

 the middle dilated ou inuer edge. No postocular fuiTow in plumage. Color black, relieved 

 with white on head or wing, bill black, feet red ; in winter, largely white. Eggs plural, 

 colored. Three or four species. 



Analysis of Sjjecies, 



A large white mirror on wing above and bel(]W, entire ; no white about head grylle 871 



A large white mirror on wing above, partly divided; none below; no white about head . . . .cohimha 872 

 No white mirror on wing; parts about eye and bill white carho 873 



871. U. grylle. (N. European name of the bird. Fig. 552.) Black Guillemot. Sea-pigeon. 

 Adult in full dress : Plumage sooty-black with a tint of " invisible " green ; wings and tail pure 

 black ; former with a large white mirror on both surfaces ; bill and claws black ; mouth and 



feet carmine, vermilion or coi'al red; eyes brown 

 This faultless dress-suit is only worn alxiut twc 

 months. In August, the wings and tail fade to 

 gray ; the body-color loses the green gloss ; the 

 white mirror is soiled with brown. When the 

 quills and tail-feathers have falleu, and new ones 

 partly grown, the progress of the moult gives a 

 new clean white mirror, smaller than in midsum- 

 mer; head and neck all around, rump and under 



parts, marbled with black and white, the bird 

 F.o, 662, -Black Guillemot, nat, size. j^^ . j^j^^ ^^^ jf ^^^^^^^^ ^^^^ ^^;,j^ fl^,„,. . i^^^.j, i^i^^.^-^ 



the feathers mostly edged with white. Completion of the moult gives the following winter 

 plumage: Wings and tail black, the white mirror faultless; head and neck all around, rump 

 and under parts, white; back and more or less of the hind neck and head black, variegated 

 with white. Young in first plumage : Bill black, feet dusky reddish. Upper parts plumbeous 



