SYSTEMATIC SYNOPSIS OF FOSSIL BIBDS 825 



LONGIPENNES (p. 732). 



22. PUFFINUS CONRADI. 



Puffiniis conradii, Marsh, Am. Joiirn. Sci., xlix, Mar., 1S72, p. 212. — COUES, Key, 



1872, p. .350. 



A shearwater about the size of P. cinerens. From the Miocene of Maryland, and now 

 preserved in the Museum of the Philadelphia Academy. 



PYGOPODES (p. 787). 



23. LOMVIA ANTIQUA. 



Catarractes antiquus, Marsh, Am. Journ. Sci., xlix. Mar., 1870, p. 21.3. — Coues, Key, 



1873, p. 350. 



A guillemot rather larger tlian the common murre (i. troUe). Prom the Miocene of 

 Nortli Carolina. Dejiosited in the Philadelphia Academy. 



24. LOMVIA AFFINIS. 



Catarractes affinis, Marsh, Am. Journ. Sci., iv, Oct., 1872, p. 259. — Coues, Key, 1872, 

 p. 350. 



A species about as large as the preceding, and nearly related. From the Post-pliocene of 

 Maine. The original specimen is in the Philadelphia Academy. 



JRATITJE (p. 238). 



25. GASTOKNIS GIGANTEUS. 



Biatryma f/igantea, Cope, Proc. Phila. Acad,, 1S7G, p. 11. — Kep. Surv. W. 100th Merid., 

 iv, pt. ii, 1877, pp. 69-71, pi. xxxii, flgg. 23-25. 



From the Eocene of New Mexico, of tire Wahsatch epoch; based upon a tarso-metatarsal 

 bone ladling a part of the shaft and tlie external condyle. The species was of great size, the 

 proximal end of tire bone being nearly twice the diameter of that of the ostrich. " Its discovery 

 introduced this group of Birds [Patitce] to the known faunae of Xorth America, and demon- 

 strates that this continent has not been destitute of the gigantic fornrs of birds now confined to 

 the southern hemisphere faunse" (Cope). The proximal end of the bone is described as resem- 

 bling the same part in the ostriches (Strutliionidce) and moas (Dinornitlddce) ; while the distal 

 end, as far as that is preseived, is similar to that of Gasiornis of the corresponding horizon in 

 France. 



B. — Cretaceous Birds. 



The following synopsis is based upon that given in the appendi.x of Marsh's great work 

 already cited (' Odontornithes '). The nine genera and nineteen species presented are supposed 

 to be referable to one or the other of the two types exemplified by Ichthyornis and Hefijierornif: 

 respectively ; but, as many of them are still known only by remains so fragmentai-y that it is 

 impossible to say whether they are Odontotormm or OdontulccB, an alphabetical arrangement 

 of the genera is followed. 



Most of the known remains of Cretaceous birds of Nnrth America have been discovereil 

 on the eastern slopes of the Rocky Mountains, in beds of middle Cretaceous age which have 

 been termed by Marsh "Pteranodon beds," from the genus of toothless Ptemdactyles found 

 in them. These Western Cretaceous birds were all found in Kansas, excepting some from 

 corresponding strata in Texas. The Eastern Cretaceous forms from the green-sand (jf New 

 Jersey, all of which are distinct from the western ones, are from a higher horiz<in, representing 

 a division of the upper Cretaceous. No jaws or teeth of these birds having been found, it is 



