SPAEIDjE. — LXVI. 139 



c. Interorbital area not flat ; fronto-occipital crest not continued forward 



to snout; no pterygoid teeth; C. lunate Lutjanus, 166. 



bb. Vomer witliout teetii. 



d. Teetli all pointed ; no incisors or molars ; preopercle sen'ate. (Hcenat- 

 lince.) 

 e. Mouth small ; chin with a large pore ; anal fin long, its rays III, 

 11 to III, 14, its spines small, graduated. Oethopkistis, 167. 

 dd. Teeth on sides of jaws molar ; preopercle entire. (Sparince.) 



f. Second interhaemal spine normal, not "pen-shaped;" front 



teeth broad, incisor-like; no canines; first spine- bearing in» 



terneural developed as an antrorse spine before D. 



(j. Occipital and temporal crests of skull nowhere coalescent; 



interorbital area not swollen, its bones thin, transversely 



concave; incisors deeply notched. . . . Lagodon, 168. 



gg. Occipital and temporal crests coalescent anteriorly, both 



merging into the gibbous interorbital area, the bones of 



which are honeycombed; incisors entire or nearl}' so. 



Aechosakgus, 169. 

 ff. Second interhiemal spine enlarged, hollowed anteriorly, pen- 

 shaped, receiving the posterior end of the air-bladder in its 

 anterior groove ; front teeth incisor-like, but very narrow ; an 

 antrorse spine before D. ; lateral crest not coalescing with 

 occipital crest; interorbital area flattish. . Stenotomus, 170. 

 aa. Species herbivorous, with long intestines and many pyloric cseca; front 

 teeth all incisor-like. (Kyijhodnce.) 



g. Vomer with teeth; soft fins densely scaly; incisors entire at 

 tip, with horizontal backward projecting roots, the bands 

 of small teeth behind them narrow. . . Kyphosus, 171. 



166. LUTJANUS Bloch. Sstappees. {Ikan Lutjang, Japanese 



name of the typical species.) 

 a. Anal fin low, rounded; color chiefly greenish. 



379. L. griseus (L.). Mangrove Snapper. Gray Snapper. 

 Lawyer. Caballerote. Snout pointed; mouth large; lower 

 jaw not projecting; canines strong; vomerine teeth in a A-shaped 

 patch ; preorbital deep ; rows of scales of sides of back becoming 

 oblique and irregular behind. Dark green, reddish below ; young 

 with dusky streaks; vertical fins blackish, tinged with red in life. 

 Head 2f ; depth 2f to 3. D. X, 14. A. Ill, 8. Scales. 6-50-12. 

 L. 18. West Indies, N. to N. J. ; very common S. especially along 

 shore among mangroves. (Lat., gray.) 



aa. Anal fin high, angulated, the middle rays elevated ; color chiefly red. 



380. L. aya (Bloch). Red Snapper. Body robust; upper 

 canines strong, lower small ; teeth and scales much as in L. griseus. 

 Rose-red, nearly uniform, young with a blotch on lateral line. 

 Head 2| ; depth 2|. D. X, 14. A. HI, 9. Scales 7-60-15. 

 L. 30. West Indies, etc., rarely N. to Block Island (Goode), 

 abundant on the Gulf Coast, in rather deep water. (L. hlackfordi 

 Goode & Bean.) (A Brazilian name.) 



