226 AVES : STEGANOPODES. — XXXIV. 



filamentous plumes ; many species crested. Genus one ; species 

 25 ; of most regions, chiefly inhabiting rocky coasts, where they 

 are gregarious and voracious. 

 346. PHALACROCORAX Brisson. ((j>aXaKp6s, bald ; Kopa^, 

 raven.) 

 a. Tail of 14 feathers. 



680. P. carbo (L.). Common Cormokant. Shag. Head, 

 neck and belly blue-black ; back brownish, streaked with black ; 

 young grayish ; sac flesh-color, heart-shaped behind. L. 36. W. 

 14. T. 7^. B. 2^. Northern regions, S. to N. J. (Eu.) (Lat., 

 coal.) 



aa. Tail of 12 feathers. 



681. P. dilophus (Swainson). Double-Crested Cormorant. 

 Glossy greenish black; back and wing coverts slaty brown; adult 

 with two curly black lateral crests ; sac convex or straight-edged 

 behind, yellowish. L. 33. W. 13. T. 7. N. Am. ; our common- 

 est species. (Sis, twice ; \6<j}os, crest.) 



682. P. mexicanus (Brandt). Mexican Cormorant. Brown- 

 ish black ; back slaty ; gular sac orange, white-edged. L. 24. 

 W. 10. B. 2. S. W., N. to S. 111. 



Family CXXXIV. PELECANID^. (The Pelicans.) 



Bill very long, rather slender, straight, grooved throughout, with 

 a claw-like hook at the end ; the broad space between the branches 

 of the lower jaw occupied by a huge membranous sac ; nostrils abor- 

 tive ; wings very long ; tail very short, of 20 or more feathers ; 

 feet short, stout. Skin of breast and belly with large air-cells be- 

 neath it, so that the body is rendered better able to float. These 

 air-cells occupy the usual position of the fat-cells. Sexes alike. 

 Genus one; species 6 ; found in most warm regions. Gregarious, 

 greedy fish-eating birds, clumsy on the wing. 



347. PELECANUS Linnaeus. (mXeKav, pelican.) 

 a. Tail-feathers 24 ; lower jaw feathered. ( Cyrtopelicanus Reich.) 



683. P. erythrorhynchos Gmelin. White Pelican. White 

 with black on wings and some yellowish ; pouch reddish or yel- 

 lowish. L. 60. W. 24. B. 12. N. Am., abundant S. and W., 

 often inland. Farther S. occurs the Brown Pelican, P. fuscus L., 

 chiefly dusky grayish in color, (ipvdpos, red ; pvyx°s, beak.) 



Family CXXXV. PREGATID^. (The Man-of-Wak 



Birds.) 

 Bill long, rather slender, straight, strongly hooked at tip. Gular 

 sac moderate. Wings very long and pointed ; tail very long, deeply 

 forked ; feet very small, the short, feathered tarsus very short ; 

 the webbing narrow ; middle claw pectinate. 



