232 AVES: ANSEKES. — XXXV. 



and black, the dark waved lines unbroken ; breast, rump, etc., 

 black ; belly wbite ; speculum bluish gray, tipped with white ; ? 

 duller; bill and feet dull bluish. L. 20. W. 10. T. 3. B. 2|. 

 N. Am., abundant. 



b. Bill as long as middle toe without claw, its tip flattened, the nail little 



hooked. (Aristoneita Baird.) 



700. A. vallisneria (Wilson). Canvas-back Duck. Head 

 and neck dark reddish brown ; black wavy lines on back broken, 

 the whitish predominating; bill dusky. L. 23. W. 9. T. 3. 

 B. 2|. N. Am.; especially coastwise in winter; a bird highly 

 valued by epicures, but ordinarily not superior to any of the river- 

 ducks. (Vallisneria spiralis, the "Water Celery," on which the 

 bird feeds.) 



aa. Bill wider toward end than at base ; ,} with head and neck black. (Fu- 

 ligula Stephens.) 



c. Speculum white, tipped with black. 



701. A. marila (L.). Big Scaup DucK. Blue Bill. Kaft 

 Duck. Flocking Fow^l. Head, neck, and breast black; no 

 ring about neck ; back and sides whitish, the back finely waved 

 with black ; 9 with face white ; the head and neck snuffy brown. 

 L. 20. W. 9. Northern regions, the American bird is var. 

 nearctica Stejneger, its 6 inner quills without white on inner web. 

 (jiapiXrj, charcoal.) 



702. A. affinis (Eyton). Lesser Scaup Duck. Similar, but 

 smaller; the sides vermiculate with blackish. L. 16. W. 8. T. 

 2\. N. Am. (Lat., related.) 



CO. Speculum bluish gray. 



703. A. collaris (Donovan). Ring-necked Duck. <J with an 

 orange brown collar about neck ; blackish above ; crissum black ; 

 lower parts white ; wings brown ; $ chiefly brown, without collar. 

 L. 18. W. 8J. T. 2f . N". Am. (Lat., collared.) 



356. CLANGtJLA Leach. {Clangor, noise.) 



704. C. clangula (L.). Golden-eye. Garrot. J bead puffy, 

 glossy green with a round white spot before eye not touching bill ; 

 upper parts black; white continuous on outer sm-face of wing; 9 

 head duUer, snuff-colored and scarcely puffy, the body brownish. 

 L. 16 to 19. W. 8^. T. 3|. N. Am., common; "meat bad, rank 

 and fishy." (JBu.) The Amer. bird is var. americaua Bonap. 



705. C.i8landioa(Gmelin). Barrow's Golden-eye. Similar; 

 head almost crested in ^ ; gloss of head purplish ; a roundish wliite 

 space before eye touching base of bill ; white of wing divided by a 

 dark line ; ? head dark brown. L. 22. W. 10. T. 3f. N. U. S. 

 and N. ; rare. (£«.) (From Iceland.) 



