284 AVES: PASSEEES. XLVI. 



473. CARPOD ACUS ^ Kaup. (Kapnos, fruit ; SaKos, biting.) 



894. C. purpureas (Gmelin). Purple Finch. Everywhere 

 streaky; ^ flushed with red, most intense on the crown, fading 

 below and behind ; J olive brown and streaky, with no red ; bill 

 stout. L. 6. W. 3|. T. 2^. N. Am., a sweet singer. (Lat., 

 purple, which the bird is not.) 



474. LOXIA Linnaeus. (Xo|or, crooked.) 



a. Wing with white. 



895. L. leucoptera Gmelin. White Winged Crossbili,. 

 (J rose red ; two white wing bars ; scapulars black ; 9 brownish 

 olive, speckled with dusky ; rump yellow. L. 6J. W. 3J. T. 2^. 

 N. N. Am., S. in winter, with the next, less common; variable. 

 (XewKOf, white ; nrepov, wing.) 



00. Wing with no white. 



896. L. curvirostra L. Red Crossbill. ^ brick-red; wings 

 dusky, unmarked; 9 brownish, washed with greenish yellow. 

 L. 6. W. 3^. T. 2^. Northern regions, about pine woods; S. 

 in winter, sometimes in large flocks, to Tenn. and Va. (Eu.) 

 The rather small form in E. U. S. is var. minor Brehm. The sin- 

 gular bill is adapted for opening nuts. (Lat., curve-biU.) 



475. LEUCOSTICTB Swainson. (Xeuicor, white ; (ttiktos, 

 spotted.) 



897. L. tephrocotis Swainson. Cinnamon-brown; head more 

 or less ashy gray ; nasal tufts white ; quills dusky ; tail coverts 

 edged with rose pink in adult. L. 6. W. 4. T. 3. Rocky Mts., 

 E. to Iowa, (rftppos, gray ; oSs, ear.) 



476. ACANTHIS Bechstein. (aKavBis, thistle-bird.) 



a. Crown red in both sexes, crimson in <J, lustrous brownish-red in 5 ; 

 chin blackish ; no yellow. 



898. A. bornemanni (HolboU). Greenland Redpoll. Sides 

 and rump scarcely streaked ; colors very pale. <J with breast 

 merely pinkish. L. 5. W. 3. T. 2^. Greenland ; the small var. 

 exilipes (Coues) S. to N. U. S. in winter. (To J. W. Hornemann.) 



899. A. linaria (L.). Red Poll Linnet. Throat, breast 

 and rump rosy in ^ ; much streaked above and on sides ; rump 



1 In the vicinity of Carpodaciis belongs the Old World genus ; — 

 Passer Brisson. P. domesticu^ (L.). European House Sparrow, (f chestnut 

 brown above, thickly streaked ; ashy below ; throat, lores and chin black ; 9 duller, 

 without black : feet small. L. 6. W. 2|. T. 2J. Introduced from Europe : abun- 

 dant in all towns E., a nuisance unfortunately long past the possibility of abatement. 



P. montanus (L.). European Tree Sparrow. Smaller ; J with black of throat 

 not continued over chest : top of head liver-brown. L. 5J. W. 2|. T. 2J. Europe 

 naturalized about St . Louis. 



