INDEX 



527 



"Ferreiro", Hi 437-438 (illust). 

 Ferret, i 98 - iv 369. 



Fetlock, of horse, iii 140-141. 



F^er zibetMcus, i 130; iii 73; iv 

 307, 308. [183. 



FUsula,, amphibians, i 241, 252 ; iii 



— mammals, i 31-32, 123-124, 125, 127, 

 131; iii 134-135, 141, 143, 149, 152, 

 158, 190, 194, 237, 258. 



— reptiles, i 197-198. 

 Fieldfare, i 159; iii 463. 

 Filaria mediuensis, iv 343. 

 File-Fishes, i 277-278. 

 File-Shells, iii 36-37 (iUust.), 408. 

 Filoplumes, i 142, 



Fin, adipose, i 282. 



— anal or ventral, i 257, 271, 273, 278- 

 279, 282, 285, 288, 290. 



— caudal, i 257, 258; and see Tail-fin. 



— dorsal, i 257, 270, 273, 274. 



— pectoral, i 258, 266, 271. 



— pelvic, i 258, 266, 27T. 



— unpaired, i 257, 258. 

 Fins, of amphibians, iii 45, 46. 



— — arro \v -worms, iii 21. 



bony-fishes, i 270-271, 273, 274, 



275, 276, 277, 278, 279, 280, 282, 283; 

 iii 41-43, 115-116, 182, 272, 288, 289, 

 427; iv 28-29, 158-159, 272, 275. 



cetaceans, iii 84. 



chimseras, i 290. 



lancelet, i 294-295. 



lung-fishes, i 264, 265, 266. 



molluscs, iii 33. 



round-mouths, i 291, 292. 



sharks and dog-fishes, i 257-258, 



285; iii 40-41. 



— — skates and rays, i 288; iii 44. 

 Finches, i 156 (illust.); ii 187-188; iv 



— desert, ii 279. [150. 

 Fingers. See Digits. 

 Fin-rays, i 261; iii 115, 118. 

 Fire-cyUnder, Iv io6 (illust.). 

 Fire-Flies, ii 323; iv 165-166. 

 Fischer, iv 315. . 



Fisheries, iv 279-288. 



Fishes, i 12, 23, 60, 62, 257-292; ii 

 83-92, 194-195, 283-284, 291-292, 

 296, 305-306, 323, 330, 334-335, 355- 

 357, 3S3-388, 421-422, 447-456; iii 

 40-44, 115-116, 182, 214, 272, 2S8- 

 289, 422-434; iv 32, 38-39, 46, 47-48, 

 T28-129, 154-159, 196-197, 200-201, 

 204, 205, 214, 261-279, 317-318, 329, 

 340, 348, 379-381, 392-393, 396-397, 

 417, 419, 421, 428, 433: 437-438, 442- 

 444, 448, 463, 466-467. 



— bony, i 259, 266-284. See also Ga- 

 noids and Teleosts. 



■ cartilaginous, i 259, 284-290. 



— extinct, iv 463 (illust), 466. 



— firm-jav/ed, i 273, 277-278. 



— soft-finned, 273, 278-280. 



— spine-finned, i 273-276. 



— tube-bladdered, i 273, 280-284. 



— tuft-gilled, i 273, 276-277. 

 Fish-hatching, i 15: iv 284-288. 

 Fish-Hawk, iv 61. 

 Fishing-Frog, i 274; ii 84-85 (illust). 

 Fish- "Lice", ii 144 ; iv 196-197 



(illust). 

 Fish-Lizards, iv 468, 469 (illust). 

 "Fish Newts", i 247-248. 



Fission (see also Development), iii 

 318-320, 325-326, 327-328, 329, 330, 

 335) 352; iv 99, loi, 105. 



— multiple, iii 321-322, 325. 



FiSSipedia. I 86-98. See also Cats, 



Dogs, Bears, &c. 

 Fissurella Grseca, i 323; ii 394. 

 Flagellata, i 494-495; ii 266, 267- 



268; iii 8. 



Flagellum (pi. Flagella), i 471, 484, 



494) 495, 498; ii 266, 267, 273, 274; 

 iii 4-5 (illust), 8, 322, 334, 335; iv 



lOI. 



Flamingo, common, i 177-178 ; iii 

 460, 461 (illust); iv 377 (illust), 378. 



Flamingoes, i 152, 177; iv 378. 

 Flat-Fishes, i 60, 61 (illust.), 279- 

 280; ii 284, 291; iii 43, 431-432. 



FlatyWorms, i 304, 441-447; ii 151- 



152, 271, 308, 361, 445-446; iii 7, 20- 



21, 329; iv 200-205, 268-270, 342- 



343, 360-362. 

 Flea, common, i 358; ii 122 (illust.); 



iii 178 (illust). 

 Fleas, i 355, 358; ii 222; iii 178, 314; 



Fleure, H. J., iv 35. [iv 192. 



Flexor muscles, i 407; iii 261. 



Flies, two-winged, i 351, 355-358; ii 

 119 (illust.), 120-122, 215-216, 251- 

 252 (illust), 314, 441-442, 462, 467- 

 468; iii 167, 178, 289-290, 291, 311, 

 313 (illust.), 402-404; iv 127, 190- 

 192, 349. 351- 



" Flittermice ", i 8i. 

 Floscularia, ii 263. 

 Flounder, iii 432; iv 269. 

 Flower, ii 166; iii 85, 487, 490. 

 Flowers, Iv 83-90. See also Plants. 

 "Flowers of tan", i 498: ii 270. 



Fluke, Liver-, 443-445 (illust); iv 202, 

 360, 361 (illust). 



— Pollack-, i 200, 201 (illust). 

 Flukes, i 441, 443-445: ii 151; iv 200- 



203, 342. 

 Flustra, i 436-437. 

 Flycatcher, spotted, ii 6i. 

 Flycatchers, American or tjTant, ii 



— old world, ii 61. [61. 

 Flying Birds, i 152-186. See also 



Birds. 



Flying Dragons, i 222; iii 287. 



Flying-Fish, common, i 276. 



Flying-Fishes, i 275-276; iii 288- 



289. [ing. 



Flying-Foxes. See Bats, fruit-eat- 

 Flying Frog, ii 319 (illust.), 323, 327; 



iii 287-288. 

 Flying-" Lemur ", i 86 (illust); iii 



281-282, 485. 

 Flying-Mouse, iii 285 (illust.), 286. 

 Fly-Mould, iv ^b, 77 (illust). 

 Food, animals as a source of, iv 211- 



217, 261-300. 



— assimilation of, i 43; ii 2. [324. 



— feeding at favourable times, ii 318- 



— — in suitable places, ii 324-331. 

 ^ kinds of, i 33. 



~ necessity for, i 32; Ii 1-3. 



— process of digestion, i 37-38; ii 1-3. 



— relation between nutrition of plants 

 and animals, iv 68-74. 



Food and Feeding Habits, i 17; 



ii 1-274. 



— of acorn-headed worm, ii 243, 246. 



— amphibians, i 240, 254, 255; ii 82- 

 83, 192-194. 



— animalcules, i 488, 490; ii 266-270, 

 272-274. ^^ [259. 



— annelids, i 429, 433; Ii 146-149, 257- 



— arachnids, i 3S5, 392, 393; ii 125- 



— ascidians, ii 245-246. [132. 



Food and Feeding Habits [Cont.) 



— birds, i 151, 155, 157, 158, 160, 161, 

 164, 175, 176, 179, 180-181, 183, 186; 

 ii 45-69) 184-191, 235-243, 322; iii 

 455) 465-466, 467-471- 



— crustaceans, ii 135-144, 220-222, 

 253-256. 



— echinoderms, ii 153-154, 264-265. 



— fishes, i 274, 275, 276, 278; ii 83-92, 

 194-195, 323; iv 283-284. 



— fiat-worms, i 445; ii 151-152, 271. 

 See also Parasitism. 



— insects, i 352, 353, 354, 355, 356, 

 359, 361, 363. 364, 365, 367. 368, 369, 

 372, 381; ii 101-124, 202-217, 250- 

 252, 326-328 ; iv 56, 110, 111-112, 

 116, 119-120, 121, 122-123, 256, 259, 



— king-crab, ii 144-145. [260. 



— lamp-shells, ii 260-261. 



— lancelet, ii 243, 244-245. 



— mammals, ii 1-44, 164-183, 224-234; 

 iii 474-475- 



egg-laying, ii 44, 322; iii 477. 



flesh-eating, i 91, 94, 98-99; ii 



5-25- 

 gnawing, i 128, 129; ii 31-38, 



174-178, 321-322, 324-325.^^ 

 hoofed, i 106, 109; ii 165-171, 



321, 323-324, 366, iv 490. 

 — insect-eating, 1 83 ; ii 31-38. 



See also Bats. 

 pouched, ii 42-43, 180-183, 



322; iii 478-479- 

 apes and monkeys, ii 164-165, 



225, 320, 325, 326. 



bats, i 82; ii 38-40, 320-321. 



■ — ■ — cetaceans, i loo-ioi ; ii 25-30, 



490-491. 



— — edentates, ii 41-42, 178-iSo, 322, 



elephants, i 103; ii 321. [327. 



lemurs, ii 225-226, 320. 



man, i 32-34; ii 164, 225; iv 208- 



217. [490. 

 sea-cows, i 102; ii 173-174; iii 



— molluscs, i 311, 319; ii 94-100, 196- 

 201, 247-250. 



— moss-polypes, ii 261. 



— myrlapods, ii 132-134, 218-219. 



— nemertines, ii 93. 



— peripatus, ii 134. [65-74. 



— plants, i 33, 488: ii 3, 270-274; iv 



— primitive vertebrates, ii 243. 



— reptiles, i 199, 215, 218, 222, 223, 

 224, 225, 226, 232, 233, 236; ii 70-81, 

 191-192, 320. 



— siphon worms, ii 149-150, 259-260. 



— sponges, i 484, 488; ii 265-266, 



— thread-worms, ii 222-223. See also 

 Parasitism. 



— wheel-animalcules, ii 261-263. 



— zoophytes, i 466-467; ii 155-162, 

 271-272; iv 103. 



Food-grooves, ii 265, 414-415- 

 Food- vacuoles, ii 266, 26S, 419. 



Food-yolk, i 152; iii 34°, 345-347 

 (Illust), 414, 417, 418, 424, 425, 431, 

 434, 439, 442, 444) 475- 



Foot, mammals, &c. See Feet 



— molluscs, i 307, 317, 319, 321, 323, 

 326, 332, 334, 336, 337, 338, 339, 340, 

 341; ii 94, 373; iii 34, 35, 36, 103, 

 104-106, 107-108, 180 (illust.), iSi, 



218, 219, 220, 221, 232, 406, 408, 409, 

 410, 413, 416, 417; iv 35 (illust.). 



— wheel-animalcules, iii 100. 

 Foot-jaws, i 404. See also Mouth- 

 parts, of crustaceans. 



