534 



INDEX 



Life-histories [Cojit.) 



— birds, iii 448-474. [196-iQg. 



— crustaceiins, iii 27-2S, 362-369; i\' 



— echinoJerms, i 450, 4DC: iii 32S-329; 



354-357- 



— fishes, iii 422-434; iv 282-283. 



— flat- worms, flulces, 1 444-445 ; iv 

 200-203. 



planarian worms, iii 329. 



tape-worms, i 442-443; iv 203- 



205, 342-343- 



— insects, membrane-winged, i 371, 

 372; ii 203; iii 386-393; iv 108-120, 

 194-195, 256. 



net-winged, i 374, 376, 377, 378- 



379; ii 464, 466-467; iii 3S3-386; u 

 i2i-i26. [377-3S0. 



straight-winged, i 350, 380; iii 



wingless, ill 377. [iv 192-194. 



beetles, i 367; ii 21 1 ; iii 393-399; 



bugs, i 353 ; ii 217 ; iii 225, 380- 



■383; iv 380^381. 



flies, two-winged, i 356-357 ; ii 



467-468; iii 402-404; iv 72, 191. 



moths and butterflies, i 359-360, 



361, 362, 363, 364, 365; iii 309-402; 



— king-crabs, iii 369. [iv 72, 259- 



— lancelet, iii 342, 344-345. 



— mammals, iii 474-494. 



— molluscs, i 323-324; iii 404-419, 



— moss-po!ypes, i 436; iii 330-331. 



— myriapods, iii 370-373. 



— nemertincs, iii 419. 



— peripatus, iii 370. 



— reptiles, iii 443-448. 



— sponges, iii 325-326, 341-342, 343. 



— thread-worms, i 448, 449; iv 205-206, 



343-344- 



— zoophytes, i 478-48'?, 4S2 ; iii 327- 

 32S, 339-341, 349-353; iv 101-104. 



Ligaments, i 330; iii 141-14=. -9^- 

 Ligia oceanica, ii 143- (3c>i- 3'^'=- 



Lig:ula, ii 205, 206. See also Mouth- 

 parts of insects, 



Ligurinus clilorig, i 156; ii 1S7. 

 Lima, ill 36-37. 408. 

 Limacina, iv 451. 

 Limax, iii 414. 



— agrestis, i 32S; ii 247; iv 348. 



— ma.ximus, ii 199, 201. 

 Limb-gills, ii 400-402. See also 



Gills. 

 Lim"bS (see also Appendages, Leg^^, 

 Digits, &c.): 



— amphibians, i 22-23, 250-253 (illust. ' ; 

 iii 4S-50, 117-11Q, 120-121, 182-18^ 

 (illust.). 212-214/272. 



— birds, i 140-141: iii 58, 59, 61-62, 

 65-67, 125-132, 261-267, -95-3°4- 



— fish, i 23. 



— mammals, i 24, 29-32, 6r, 66-67, 9') 

 98, TOO, TOT, 102; ii 25-26, 1S2; iii 

 70-86, 132-144, 1 47-162, 1 86- 1 qS, 

 201-207, 233-260, 292-294. 



— reptiles, i 196-199, 207, 213, 215, 

 216, 228, 232; iii 50-51, 53-56, 122- 

 124, 208, 209, 211, 267-270. 



— vertebrates, i 61; iii 1 17-120 (ilUist.). 



— evolution of, iii 117-121. 



— modification of, i 61, 66-67, 70, loo, 

 104, 127, 140. 



Limenitis misippus, ii 312. 



— Sibylla, ii 312. 



Limicolae. i 152, 168-169. 



Lxmnsea stagnalis, i 328 ; ii 434 ; iii 

 34, 104, 106, 414; iv iS. 



— truncatula, i 444; iv 360, 361. 



Limnobates stagnorum, i 354; Ii 



123-124. 

 Limnopliilus rhombicus, i 375 



(illust.). 

 Limnoria lignorum, ii 222; iii 225- 

 226. 



Liraosa belgica, i 169; ii 66. 



— lapponica, i 169. 

 Limpet, bonnet-, iii 413. 



— common, i 323; ii 197-199 (illust.), 

 336-337. 395-396, 432-433: iii 104, 

 272, 412, 415 (illust.), 416-417 (illust.): 

 iv 35, 42-43, 57-5S (illust.). 



— John Knox's, 1323; 11395-396 (illust. ). 



— keyhole, i 323; ii 394. 



Lim.pets, i 323-324; ii 196, 197-199; 



iii 416-417. 

 LimuluS, i 422-423 illust.;:; ii 144-145, 

 406-407 ; iii 369. 



— polyphemus, iii 360 (lUust.). 



Linaria camiabina, ii 187; iii 470. 



Lincecum, ii 20S. 



Linckia multlflora, iii 329 (illust. . 



Linckiidse, iii 328, 329 (illust.;. 



Line-FisMng, iv 261-262. 



Lineus marinus, i 305. 



Ling, iv 267-263. 



LlnguatulidaB, i 3S7, 393; iv 196. 



LingrUella, iv 460. 



Linnsea borealis, iv 97 al!ust.\ 



Linnaeus, i 9-10, 351; ii 34(_'. 



Linne, Karl von. See Liiina-us. 

 Linnet, i 156; ii 1S7; iii 470 iillust.). 

 Lion, i 87; ii 5, 7, 9; iii 491; iv 98, 

 145, 213, 331, 369-371 iillust.). 



Liopelma. iv 42S. 

 Lipoptena cervi, iv 190. 



Lips, of arthrupi>ds, &c. Sec Mouth- 

 parts. [171. 



— of mammals, i 34, 69, 103. 120; ii 



Litbinus nigrocri status, li 2;;; 



(illust. 1. 



LitboMus forficatus, i ^,04: ii 1:2- 



133; iii 165, 371-372. 



Litbocolletis corylella, i 365. 

 Litbodes maia, ii 330. 



Litbodomus, iii 411. [iv 297. 



Littorina llttorea, i 3i£; ii 196, 460: 



— obtusata, i 320- 



— rudis, i 320: ii 460. 

 Littoriliidce, ii 459-460 See also 



Litturina. 



Liver, i 37, 48. 

 "Liver" tubes, 1 34S. 

 Liverworts, iv 75 illust.', 

 Livingstone, iv 215. 



Lizard "and sec Lizards) ; 



— black-lipped tree-, i 222. 



— bronze-, ii 77 (illust. V 

 three-toed, i 225. 



— capuchin, 1 223. 



— common, i 225. 



— cylinder, ii 77 (illust.). 



— European snakc-eycd, i 225 (illust.). 



— eyed, iii 445-446. 



— frilled, i 222; iii 123-124 (illust. }. 



— Galapagos land-, ii 102. 



— Galapagos sea-, i 222-223; ii 102; iii 

 5,, 52(illyst.).^ 



— green, i 225; iv 301. [(illust.), 



— sand, i 191-203; ii 2S1: iii 122-123 

 Spanish, iii 446. 



— stump-tailed, i 226 (illust. '; ii 76. 



— vi\'iparoiis, iii 446. 



— wall, i 225; iii 267-26S, 

 Lizards ,^ee also Iguanas, ^^onitors, 



&c. , i TOO, 203, 221-227; ii 73~7'^j 



Lizards [Cont.) 

 192, 281-282, 329, 333-334. 344-34;, 



370-371. 424. 425: iii 51-53, 111. 

 122-124, 184-185, 207-210, 267-270, 

 286-287, 332, 445-446; iv 151, 152, 



— agamoid, i 221, 222. [32S. 



— burrowing, i 225. See also Skijik>. 



— common, i 221, 225. 



— flying, i 222; iii 287. 



— scale-footed, i 221, 222. 



— snake-, i 221, 223-224; ii 76. 



reversible, 11 76; iii 209-210 



(illust.). [282. 



~ thorny-tailed, i 222; ii 77 (illust.;, 



— Tunisian, ii 77 (illust.). 



— venomous, i 221, 224-225; ii 354- 

 355 (illust.); iv338. [232. 



Llamas, i 120, 122 (illust.); iv 231- 



Lloyd Morgan, i 7; ii 74, 343; iv 49, 

 50, 53. 56, 59. 156, 186, 401, 492, 494. 



Loacb, common, i 283; ii 450, 



— spring, ii 450. 



Lobelia cardinalis, iv 89. 



Lobster, American, iv 297. 



— common, i 302-304, 342, 402-400 

 (illust.); ii 135-137,400-402 ;illust.;; 

 iii 169, 277-278 (illust.); iv 207-299 



— Norway, i 412. [..illust, j. 



— rock-, i 410, 412 i;illust,); ii 137, 279, 

 ^ 33S, iii 36S: iv 37. [43. 



Lobsters, iii 27, 332, 365; iv 35-36, 



Lob-worm, common, ii 257; iv 34 



"Local death", i 43-44- [(illust.). 



Locust, migratory, i 3S2; ii 213; iv 

 356-357 (illust.l. 



— red-legged, iii 379 (illust. 1. 

 Locusts, i 381-382; ii 213, 439; iii 370; 



iv 3^3, 356-35S, ' ('177- 



Locusta viridissima, i 383; iil 176- 

 Locustella neevia, i 160, 



LOCUStidse. See Grasshoppers, green. 



Locust - sbrimps, i 410, 41^-414 



(illust.), 

 "Lodge", of beaver, \\ 139-140. 



Logger-bead, iii 59-60. 



Loir. See IiLirmouse, fat. 



Loligo vrQgaris, i 314; ii 94, 392; 



Long, Francis, ii 19. [iii 417-41S. 



"Longicorns", iii 273. 



Lonicera alpigena, i\- 04, 



— Etnisca, i\- 87, SS. 



Looping movements, i 364, 432, 



467; iii 99, 102-103, 107- 



Lopbius piscatorius, i 274; ii 84- 



85; iii 115. 



Lopbobrancbii, i 273, 276-277. 

 Lopbobelia, iv 446. 

 Lopbophore, ii 261, 

 Lopbopus crystallinus, i 43S; ii 



261; iii 100, 331. 



Lories, il 191. 



Loriquets, ii 191. [(illust.). 



Loris, common, ii -1,20: iii 241, 242 



— gracilis. See Slender. 



— slender, iii 241 (illust.), 242. 



Lota vulgaris, i 279. 

 Love-Birds. i 166: iv 390-391. 

 Lower Jaw-bone, i 2S, loS. See 



also Jaws. [iSS. 



Loxia curvirostra, i 156; ii 1S7- 



LubbOCk, Sir John. See Avebury, 

 Lord. 



Lucanus cervus, i 36S. 

 Lucernaria, i 4S2. 

 Luciola, iv 165-166. 



Lugard, Captain, iv 240. [iii 226. 



LugWOrm, i 430 , illust.); ii 408-409; 



