INDEX 



545 



297. See also 



[128. 

 127- 



, iv 362, 



Raven, i 153: ii 235, 236, 237; iv 96, 

 Ray. John, i 9. [130, 347, 40B. 



Ray, thomback, i 288 (illust.); ii 334: 



— whip-, i 288. [iv 278 (illust.). 

 Rays, i 257, 284, 287-290; ii 90, 385- 



3S7; iii 44, 424-425; iv 204, 278, 348. 



— eagle-, i 288; ii 90 (illust.); iii 44 

 (illust.). [(illust.). 



— electric, i 290 (illust.); ii go, 91 



— sting-, i 288-290; ii 356, 357; iv 205. 



— true, i 28S. 



Ray-Animalcule, i 496 ; iv 76, 77 



(Ulust.), 449 (illust.), 453, 454, 458. 

 Ray Lankester, i 400; iv 282, 325. 

 Razorbill, common, i 184 (illust.); iii 



66. 



Razor-Shells, i 335 (illust.); iii 220 



(illust.); iv 215. 



Reason, i 52; iv 53. 

 Reaumur, iii 388. 

 Recapitulation, law of, i 14; ii 9, 



15, 29, 394; iii 118-H9, 142-143, 321, 



335-336, 337-339, 34S, 432; iv 482. 

 Rectal gills, ii 464. See also GUIs, 



of insects. 

 Rectrices, i i 



Feathers. 

 Rectum, ii 464-465, 466. 

 Recurvirostra avocetta, 

 Redia (pi. Rediae), i 444. 



Red-Mullet, plain, iv 27r. 



— striped, iv 271 (illust.). 

 Red-Mullets, iv 271-272. 

 Red- or Forked-Worm 



RedpOle, lesser, i 156. 



— mealy, i 156. 



"Red-Spider", i 393; ii 218, 443. 

 Red-spotted Bluethroat, i i6o. 

 Redstart, i i6o. 



— black, i 160. 



Reduvius personatus, ii 



Redwing, i 160. 



Reed, ii 169. 



Reed-fish, i 266, 268 (illust.) 



Reeve, iv 322. 



Reeves, w. H., iv 292. 



Reflex actions, iv 9 (illust.), 24, 33, 



34, 49, 50. 

 Regeneration, biological : 



— amphibians, iii 332. 



— annelids, ii 374-375; iii 329. 



— birds, iii 332. 



— crustaceans, ii 374; iii 331-332. 



— echinoderms, i 454; iii 328-329. 



— fiat-worms, iii 329. 



— mammals, iii 332. 



— moss-polypes, iii 331. 



— reptiles, ii 371; iii 332. 



— sponges, iii 325, 326. 



— zoophytes, iii 328. 

 RegulUS cristatus, i 160. 



— ignicapillis, i 160. 



Reindeer, i 111-112; iii 152; iv 218, 



219 (illust.). 

 "Reindeer Age", i 112. 

 Remiges, i 143 ; iii 296. See also 



Feathers. 

 Rengger, iv 146. 

 Rennin, ii 169. 

 Reptiles, i 60, 191-237; ii 70-81, 191- 



192, 281-282, 290-291, 303-304, 311, 



32°, 333, 344-345, 354-355, 370-371, 



424-426; 11150-56, iio-iir, 121-124, 

 184-185, 207-212, 267-272, 286-287, 

 308-309, 332, 443-448 ; iv 29-30, 47, 

 48, 151-152, 214, 317, 328, 336-337. I 

 348, 378, 391-392. 395-396. 417, 419, 



[190. 



; " 453 



Reptiles {Cmit.} 

 421, 425, 428, 432, 437, 463-464, 467- 



— extinct, ii 328, 329-330: iii 124, 292, 

 308-309 (illust.); iv 463-464, 467-471 



— flying. See E.ttinct. [(illust.). 



— terrible. See Dinosaurs. 



— toothless, i 212-221. See also 

 Turtles and Tortoises. 



— varied-toothed, iv 467-468. 

 Respiratory organs. See Breath- 

 ing organs. 



Respiratory trees, of echinoderms, 



ii 414; iii 96, 97. 



Retepora, i 437 (illust.). 



Reticulum, ii 168. See also Diges- 

 tive organs of mammals, herbivo- 

 rous. 



Retina, i 58. 



Retinaculum, iii 312. [99. 



Retractor muscles, i 334, 438 ; iii 



Retropinna Richardson!, iv 275. 



Reversion, iv 488. 



Rhabdites, ii 361. 



Rhabdocoeles, ii 151, 152. 



Rhabdophora, iv 458-459. 



Rhacophorus pardalis, iii 287-288. 



— Reintwardti, ii 319, 323; iii 288. 



— reticulatus, iii 441-442. 



— Scblegeli, iii 439. 



Rhamphastidae, ii 186-187. 

 Rhamporhynchus, iii 308-309. 



Rhea, common (Americana), i i8S. 



— Darwin's (Darwini), i 188. 



— long-billed (macrorhynca), i 18S. 

 Rheas, i 188 ; ii 243 ; iii 130, 153, 449. 

 Rhina squatina, i 286-287. 

 Rhinoceros, common or black (bicor- 



nis), i 106 (illust.); ii 350; iii 138-139, 

 140. [350; iii 139 (illust.). 



— Indian (unicornis), i 106 (illust.); ii 



— white (sinus), iii 138. 

 Rhinoceroses, i 64, 105-106; ii 350; 



iii 138-140, 4S8; iv 334, 373. 



Rhinoderma Darwini, ill 440-441 



(illust.). 

 Rhinolophus ferrumequinum, i S3. 



— hipposideros, i S3. [83. 



Rhinopoma microphyllum, i 82- 

 Rhizocrinus, iv 446. 

 Rhizomys, iii 204. 

 Rhizopoda. i 492, 495-498; ii 26S- 



270, 341. See also Animalcules. 

 Rhodeus amarus, ii 452 (illust.,). 

 Rhodites rosse. i 372: ii 204-205. 

 Rhombus lajvis, iv 26S. 



— ma.ximus, i 279; iii 431-432; iv 268. 



Rhopalia, iv 41 (illust.). 

 Rhopalocera, i 360-3J52. See also 

 Butterflies. 



RhyacophUides, ii 116. 

 Rhynchites betulse, iii 394-396. 

 Rhynchocephala, i 203, 236-237; 



iii 56, 444 ; IV 410, 464, 467. 

 Rhynchodesmus terrestris, ii 446. 

 Rhynchopa, ii 52. 

 Rhjmchosuohus Schlegeli, i 212. 

 Rhyssa, iv 195. 

 Rhytina, ii 173-174. 



Ribs, amphibians, i 239. 



— birds, i 144-145. 



— fishes, i 261. 



— mammals, i 29, 46. 



— reptiles, i 194-195, 206, 237; ii 424; 

 iii 110-111, 287. 



Rice-Bird, i 156. 

 Richardia .ffithiopica, iv So. 



Ridley, H. N., iii 488. 



Rimiila, ii 394- 



Ring-muscle, ii 171. 



Ring-Ousel, i 160. 



Rissa tridactyla, i 168; iii 455, 456. 



Ritzema Bos, ii 235, 347; iv 326, 



328, 358. 

 River-Shrew, African, ii 35. 

 River-Worm, red, i 431 ; iv 203-204. 



Roach, i 282; ii 449 (illust.), 450. 

 Robin Redbreast, i 160 ; iii 185 ; iv 



Robinson, Louis, iii 234. [96. 



Rock-Badgers. See Conies. 

 Rock-borers, i 335. 

 Rock Goby, i 275. 

 "Rock Hoppers", iii 186. 

 Rock-Kangaroos, ii 182. 



Rock-Lobster. See Lobster. 

 Rock-Wallaby, yellow -footed, iii 



479 (illust.). 

 Rodentia. See Mammals, gnawing. 

 Rods and Cones, i 58; iv 47. 

 Rolling-up habit, ii 341-342- 

 Rolt, H. A., iv 379. 

 Romanes, ii 154, 324; ill 19, 95, 115, 



234, iv 385, 401, 47S, 43s, 489, 494. 



Rondeletius, iv 315. 



Rook, i 153 (illust.): ii235, 236<illust.), 

 354; iii 185, 1S6, 463; iv 130-132 

 (illust.), 34S. 



Rorqual, ii 29; iii 85. 



Rose-bedeguars, i 372. 



Rose chafer, 1 368, 369 (illust.). 



Ross, iv 207, 341. 



Rotalia, i 489 [illust); iii 6. 



Rotatoria. See Wheel-Animalcules. 



Rotifer (and see Wheel-Animalcules); 



— crown, ii 262 263 (illust.). 



— Power, ii 263. 



— rose-coloured, i 434-435 (illust.); ii 

 262; iii 100 (illust.). 



Rotifera, i 304, 434-435 ; and see 



Wheel-Animalcules. 

 Round-mouths, i 257, 291-292 ; ii 



gi-92, 383-385; iii 423; iv 278-279. 



Round-Worm, i 447-448 (illust.); iv 

 Roy, iii 307. [343. 



Rozltes gongylophora, ii 209. 

 Ruflf, i 169; iv 147. 



Rumen, ii 168. See also Digestive 

 organs of mammals, herbivorous. 



Rumla cratffigata, i 364; ii 297-298; 



ill 102. 

 Ruminants (see also Mammals, 

 hoofed), i 29, 109-122 ; ii 351-354, 

 365-366; iii 150-153, 489-490. 



— *' hollow-horned ", i 113; ii 352. 



Running Birds, i 152, 186-187; ii 

 243. 354, 367-36S; iii 128-132, 449- 

 450; iv 475-476. [iii 248. 



Rupicapra tragus, i 117; ii 365-366; 



Ruthenica, iv 82. 



Ruticilla phccnicurus, i 160. 



— tithys, i 160. 



Sabella, ii 339, 409. 

 SabeUaria, i 430; ii 339. 



Sable, American, iv 303. 



— Russian, i 98 ; iii 156 (illust. ) ; iv 303. 



Saccopharynx pelecanoides, iv 



446. 

 Sacculina, iv 197-199 (illust.). 

 Sacral vertebrae, i 27, 144, 194, 239. 



