INDEX 



553 



Tube-nosed Birds (Tubinares), i 



152, 182-183; ii 53; and see Petrels 

 and Albatrosses. [204. 



TPubifex rivulorum, i 431; iv 203- 

 Tubipora musica, i 477: ii 341, 417. 

 Tubularia, i 480; ii 160. 



Timicates. See Ascidians. 



Tunny, i 274; iv 270-271, 381. 

 Tupaia tana, i 83, 84; iii 246-247. 

 Tupaildse, i 83; iii 246-247. 

 Turbellaria, i 441, 445-447: ii 151- 



152, 271, 445-446; iii 7, 2o-2r, 329. 

 TurbOt, i 60-61 (illust.), 279 (illust.) ; 



iii 425, 431-432 (illust.); iv 268. 

 TurdUS iliacus, i 160. 



— merula, i 159. 



— musicus, i 159; ill 457, 458. 



— pilaris, i 159. 



— torquata, i i6o. 



— viscivorus, i 160. 



Turkey, i 172; ii 239; iv 249-250. 

 Ttirner, iv 387. 



Turnip "Flies". See Beetles, flea-. 



Turnstone, i 169; ii 67. 



Turret-Sbells (Turritella), i 321. 

 Turtle, edible, Iii 55, 446-447. 



— green, i 218; ii 191. 



— hawk's-bill, i 218; ii 72 (illust.), 191; 

 iii 5S- 1^395-396 (illust.). 



— leathery. See Turtles. 



— loggerhead, iii 55. 



Turtles (and see Turtle), i 203, 212- 

 221 : ii 71-72, 333, 334. 424; iii 54-56, 

 446-448. 



— leathery, i 216-217 (illust.); iii 55, 56. 



Turtur communis, i 167; ii 1S5. 

 Tusks, of mammals (see also Teeth), 

 i 102, 109, no, in; ii 348-350. 



Tusk-Sbells, i 311, 338-339 (illust.); 



ii 247-248; iii 221-222, 411-4x2; iv 



Tusser, iv 249. [18, 323. 



Twite, i 156. 



TylenchUS devastatrix, iv 363. 



— scandens, ii 222-223. 



Tylopoda, iii 152-153- 

 Tylototriton Anderson!, ii 334- 

 Tympanic cavity, i 57. 



— membrane, i 57, 192. 

 Type, classification by, i 10. 



— " generalized", i 195-196. 



— "theoretical", i 196. 



TypMonectes compressicau- 



data, iii 443. 

 Typhlonus nasus, iv 443 (illust.). 

 Typblopidae, i 235-236; ii 79, 329: iii 



212. [212. 



Typblops vermicularis, i 236; iii 

 Tyrian purple, i 321; iv 397. 



TyrOglyphUS farinae, ii 217. 



— siro, i 393; ii443. 



u 



TJdonella caligorum, iv 201. 

 TJlna, i 30, 144, 196, i97> 241, 251, 252; 



iii 118, 134, 141, 143, 149, 152, 158, 

 237, 299. 



TJlnare, i 144, 197, 198, 252; iii 299. 

 TJmbrella-Bird, iv 431. [237. 



Uncinate process, i 145, 187, 206, 



"Ungulata, i 68. See also Mammals, 

 hoofed. 



— even-toed, i 107-122. 



non-ruminating forms, i 107-109. 



ruminants, i 109-122. 



— odd-toed, i 104-107. 



UniO, i 328 ; ii 248-249, 335 ; iii 37, 



406-407. 

 Unpaired fin, i 257, 258. 

 Upper arm, i 24. 

 Upper arm-bone, i 29-30 ; iii 298 ; 



and see Humerus. 



Upupa epops, i 164. 



Uraster rubens, i 450-454; ii 153; 



Ureter, i 48. [iii 90-92; iv 41. 



Urla grylle, i 184. 



— troile, i 184; iii 66, 453. 

 Urinary bladder, i 48. 

 Urochord, i 298- 



UrocbOrda, i 293, 297-300. See also 

 Ascidians. 



Urodela, i 245-249; ii 456; iii 45, 46- 



49, 212-213, 434-436. 

 Uromastix, i 222; ii 77, 282. 



— acanthinurus, il 77. 



— spinipes, i 222. 



Uropeltidse, ii 79: iii 211-212. 



Uropeltis grandis, iii 211-212. 



Uropsilus soricipea, ii 36. 



Urostyle, i 251. 



Urotricbus, ii 36. 



Ursidse, i 94-95: iii 155-156, 491; and 



see Ursus. 



— sub-, i 94; iii 247-248. 



UrSOn, iii 253. [iv 334, 372. 



Ursus arctos, i 95, 227-228 ; ill 155 ; 



— ferox, i 95. 



— labiatus, ii 228; iv 334. 



— Malayanus, ii 227. 



— maritimus, i 95; Ii 19, 227; iii 75-76, 



— ornatus, iv 429. [155-156; iv 334. 

 Urus, i 114; iv 224. [Iv 208-408. 



Utilitarian Zoology, i 15-16, 18 ; 



— animal Eesthetics, iv 400-408. 

 foes, iv 321-363. 



forms injurious to human 



industries, Iv 345, 363. 



personal enemies, iv 321-344. 



friends, Iv 219-224, 325-330. 



pets, iv 382-393. 



products used for decorative pur- 

 poses, Iv 394-400. [300. 



— animals as a source of food, iv 2x1- 



— domestication of animals, iv 217- 

 260; and see Domestication. 



— sporting zoology, iv 364-381. 



Utricularia, iv 73-74. 95- 



V 



Vaccination, iv 79, 320. 

 Vacuum (pi. vacua), iii 268-269. 

 Vagus nerve, i 53. [Iii 454, 472. 

 Vanellus cristatus, i 169; ii 286; 



Vanessa Atlanta, i 361. 



— cardui, i 361. 



— lo, I 361; ii 215; iv 56. 



— polychloros, i 361. 



— urticje, i 361; ii 215, 294. 



Van Someren, iii 456; iv6o. 

 VaranUS griseus, ii 73, 282. 



— Niloticus, i 224; ii 73. 



— prasinus, ii 73. 



— Salvator, ii 73; iii 51-52. 



Variation, iv 486, 491-492. 



Varro, iv 248. 



Vegetative Propagation, 1 299; iii 



316-332, 422. See also Development 



and Life-histories. 

 Vein, portal, i 41. 

 Veins, i 39-41 ; and see Circulatory 



organs. 



Velella, Ii 161; iv 450 (illust.). 



Veliger,iii4o6 (illust. ),4i4, 415 (Illust.). 

 Velum, i 479; iii 406. 

 Venous sinus, i 200, 240, 262. 

 Ventral cord. See Nerve-cord. 



Ventral plates, III 114, 

 Ventral shields, i 228; iii no-m, 

 270-271. 



Ventricle, i 40; and see Circulatory 

 organs. 



Venus mercenaria, iv 323. 

 Venus'a Flower-Basket, i 486; Iv 



446 (Illust.). 

 VenuB's Fly-trap, iv 69-70 (illust.). 

 Venus's Girdle, i 483; iii 20 (iUust.j. 

 Verification of Generalization, 



i 3-4- 



Vermetus, ill 413-414- 

 Verneuilina pygmsea, iv 454. 

 Verreaux, ii 47- 



Vertebrae (and see Vertebral column): 



— atlas, i 26-27 (illust.). 



— chest-, i 27. 



— loin-, i 27. 



— neck-, i 26-27, ^^^ 144- 



— sacral, i 27. 



— tail, i 27, 144, x86. 



Vertebral column, amphibians, i 



239, 251, 256. 



— birds, 144-X45, 186, 



— fishes, i 260-261, 271. [254. 



— mammals, i 26-27 (illust.), 66; iii 



— reptiles, i 193-194, 214-215, 221-222, 

 229-230, 237; iii ixo-iii. [1x5. 



Vertebral ossicles, i 455; iii in- 

 vertebrates, classification and essen- 

 tial characters, i 60-63. [304- 



— contrasted with invertebrates, i 302- 



— See also Vertebrates, primitive; 

 Round-mouths ( Cyclostoniata), 

 Fishes, Amphibia, Reptiles, Birds, 

 and Mammals. 



— "cold-blooded", i 191. 



— primitive, I 292-301; ii 92, 243-246; 

 iii 38-40, 214-216. See also Lance- 

 let, Ascidians, and Acorn -beaded 

 Worm. 



Verworn, iv 494. [xi2. 



Vespa crabo, l 374; ii 250-251; iv 



— Germanics, iv 111-112. 



— vulgaris, i 373; Ii 250-251. 

 VeSpertiliO Becbstelnl, i 82. 



— Daubentini, i 82. 



— mystacinus, i 82. 



— Nattereri, i 82. 



Vesper tilionidse, i 82. 

 VesperugO Leisleri, i 82. 



— noctula, I 82. 



— pipistrellus, i 82; iii 292-293. 



— serotinus, i 82. 

 Vespidse. See Vespa. 



Vicunia, i 122; Hi 153, 248. 

 Vidua, iv 421. 



Vine-Louse, i 353 ; and see Aphis, 

 vine-. [222; iii 21, 



Vinegar- or Paste-Eel, i 448 : ii 



Violet, iv 97. [iv 407-408 (illust.). 



Viper (and see Vipers), horned, ii 282; 



— Russell's, iv 339. 



— water, Iii 53. 



Vipers (and see Viper), i 232, 234-235 ; 

 ii 8o-8x; iii 445. 



— "pit'\_i235. 



— tree-, iii 272. 



Vipera arietans, ii So; Iv 339. 



— Russelli, iv 339. 

 Viperldse. See Vipers. 



