AND HORTICULTURE. 13 
As in the experiments which took place in the field of the 
Garden Society at Helsingfors, a number of plants showed 
even here a decided decadence. The most prominent were:— 
CALTOtS asinine tases, Wa ink th ee ala —47°9 
POAS esas soe sos vesecrea nes el age vie Hla don ctag een des dst —47°1 
Swedish turnips sssv5s ees cages sey eves vas nes eesece nese - 35'5 
Tobacco aa sas os 5k oon dine vas vad dearest ooh ve apo cat eet 28 —27°4 
Flax cs osicjsceacin seve sas cances vawavedh van ses neds vases Seaties - 679 
Cabbage’ »..:i. sears cae taracnaiie nenvansd dete co saaeaaaete - 4'5 
The varieties were partly the same as in the field of the 
Garden Society, the new ones being flax, tobacco and peas. 
(5) The results obtained by the experiments made up 
to 1887 were very encouraging to a continuation of the 
studies of the phenomenon ; but still many problems were 
yet to.be solved. Among these were the following :— 
Do we obtain the same results as in Finland if the 
experiments should be performed after the same method 
in another part of the globe, or, in other terms, would the 
effect be the same independent of the latitude? 
Considering the great importance of the whole question, 
any publication of the results without having given an 
answer to that question would, perhaps, have been fatal. 
The first and most important point of all was to raise the 
necessary funds. That great difficulty was overcome, and 
by Prof. E. Mascart we were introduced to Baron A. 
Thenard, who gave us permission to perform the experi- 
ments on his estate at Castle Laferté, in Burgundy, and 
also his support where it was needed. 
Of the exposition hitherto made, it seems. that the 
greatest difficulty with experiments in the open field is to 
get a homogeneous soil on both the experimental and control 
fields. But that is not all. The fields must also be uniformly 
lighted by the sun. The shadow of a tree can be of great 
consequence if it falls unequally on both fields, and: that 
circumstance will be more effective in the case of a 
summer with, in general, bad weather. The summer of 
