28 MANAGEMENT OF DAIRY PLANTS 



ing the coal room, boiler room, and receiving room to the other 

 end of the building. The refrigerator could then be located 

 against the supply storage room. 



Slope of Floor. — The floor in a creamery should have a 

 slope of about one inch in four feet. In the churn room this 

 slope should gradually increase toward the drain. 



Floor Materials. — Cement floors are perhaps the most 

 serviceable as well as the most economical for creameries, but 

 sawed stone and tile are also used to a limited extent. 



I. Cement. — The cement floor consists of a concrete base 

 from four inches to six inches in thickness, with a surfacing one 

 half inch in thickness. The base should be placed on a well 

 settled and packed soil. 



The concrete base may be made of one part best Portland 

 cement, two parts clean, coarse, sharp sand, and three parts 

 mixed gravel or finely broken stone or tile, all thoroughly mixed 

 and hghtly tamped in place. Before the concrete has set, there 

 should be applied to it a half-inch finish or surfacing consisting 

 of equal parts of Portland cement and sharp sand, and this 

 should then be troweled smooth. 



A cement floor may be laid in the second or third story of a 

 creamery building; but unless the entire floor is constructed 

 from reenforced concrete, such cement should be laid on top 

 of a heavy plank floor properly supported to prevent jarring. 

 Such an upper-story floor should be constructed practically the 

 same as the main floor described above, except that between 

 the concrete base and the plank floor there should be laid a 

 covering of waterproof prepared material similar to prepared 

 roofing. The sheets of this material should be properly ce- 

 mented before the cement floor is laid. This waterproofing 

 answers the double purpose of preventing the floor from leaking 

 and of preserving it from cracks due to uneven contraction and 

 expansion in the cement and wood. If the different parts of 

 the floor are subjected to extreme differences in temperature, 

 then the surfacing should be divided off into squares or rect- 

 angles about thirty inches wide. The crevices may be filled 

 with hot asphalt. 



