220 MANAGEMENT OF DAIRY PLANTS 



IV. Factors Influencing Yield of Ice Cream Obtained. — 



The principal factors influencing the yield of ice cream obtained 

 are: First, condition and treatment of cream used; second, tem- 

 perature of ice cream when drawn from freezer; third, tempera- 

 ture of circulating brine; fourth, size of batch frozen; fifth, 

 speed of agitator, i 



1. Condition and Treatment of Cream Used. — The value of 

 aging the cream has been formerly discussed. Rich cream pro- 

 duces a higher jdeld than thinner cream. Cream of a high 

 temperature is likely to chum during the freezing process and 

 the yield is, as a result thereof, decreased. Homogenized 

 cream produces less yield than does cream which has not been 

 so treated unless frozen longer than untreated cream.* 



2. Temperature of Ice Cream When Drawn from Freezer. — 

 The temperature at which the ice cream returns the greatest 

 yield is usually from 27° F. to 28° F. This, however, may vary- 

 slightly due to the condition of the cream used. 



3. Temperature of Circulating Brine. — A brine of low tem- 

 perature causes the ice cream to freeze before a sufficient 

 amount of air has been incorporated. If the brine is too warm 

 the freezing takes too long and it may result in partly churning 

 the cream. A brine of a temperature from 8° F. to 14° F. is 

 most desirable; the lower temperature is most satisfactory for a 

 cream of lower viscosity. A cream of higher viscosity, such as 

 homogenized cream, should be frozen with a brine of the higher 

 temperature so as to allow longer time for the incorporation 

 of air. 



4. Size of Batch Frozen. — The larger the batch up to a cer- 

 tain limit the greater the jdeld will be. The smaller batch 

 freezes too soon before a sufficient amount of air has been 

 incorporated. 



5. Speed of Agitator. — The freezer should be operated very 

 slowly until it reaches the point of freezing which varies from 

 28° F. to 29° F.' It should be the object to reach that point 



1 Bulletin 180, Iowa Experiment Station, 1918. 



2 Bulletin 180, Iowa Experiment Station, 1918. 



> Bulletin 155, by Washburn, Vermont Exp. Station, igio. 



