PROFITS FROM MANUFACTURE OF ICE CREAM 221 



before the fat globules begin to coalesce, for if not the cream is 

 less suitable for whipping. The speed may then be increased to 

 advantage. 



V. Losses Which Influence the General Yield. — Losses 

 of various kinds are usually found to be more frequent in the ice 

 cream factory than in the creamery. It is only by the closest 

 attention of the manager to the details of the work in the fac- 

 tory that such losses will be reduced to the minimum. The 

 most signilicant of such losses are due: First, to inaccurate ice 

 cream molds and containers; second, to molding of hard ice 

 cream, and third, to retailing of ice cream. 



1. Ice Cream Molds and Containers. — The ice cream brick 

 molds and containers should be tested as to accuracy of size 

 before they are placed in service. This is most conveniently 

 done by weighing the amount of water which they hold. A 

 5-gallon container if of proper size will hold exactly 8.35 X 5 

 = 41.75 pounds of water. 



2. Molding of Ice Cream. — The molding of ice cream 

 should be done directly from the freezer or before the cream has 

 been thoroughly hardened; if not, the loss is increased. The 

 loss sustained due to molding of hard ice cream may readily 

 reduce the quantity of ice cream from 10 to 20 per cent. 



3. Retailing Ice Cream. -^ The retailing of ice cream will 

 always result in a quantity loss. This may be due partly to 

 giving the retail customers too big measure or to the trans- 

 ferring of hard ice cream from one container to another. If 

 ice cream is sold at retail it is most satisfactory to mold it in the 

 form of a brick of a quart size direct from the freezer. 



C. GENERAL EXPENSES IN MANUFACTURING 

 ICE CREAM 



The general expenses in the manufacture of ice cream are 

 much similar to the general expenses in the creamery and will 

 be discussed here in so far as they differ. 



The cost of material used for ten gallons of vanilla ice cream 

 has previously been figured at $5.04. This does not include 



