72 SURFACE GEOLOGY. 
places on the Pemigewasset and commonly along the Merrimack, we find 
to be one of the characteristic features of this valley. The modified drift 
of Campton occurs principally in the upper terrace, which has a normal 
height of 620 to 575 feet above the sea, or about 70 feet above the river, 
and in the interval or present flood-plain. At Livermore falls, near the 
south line of this township, the river passes through a deep, rocky gorge, 
with a natural fall of 22 feet. The foot of the falls is 483 feet above the 
sea. 
In Plymouth and Holderness both the upper terrace and interval are 
finely shown; and the extent of the alluvial area, at one point a mile and 
a half wide, is greater than at any other place on Pemigewasset river. A 
beautiful interval extends for three miles below the mouth of Baker’s 
river; at the north, mainly on the east, and at the south, on the west side. 
The broad, high plain belongs to Holderness, being on the east side. 
Baker’s River. A wide area of modified drift also lies along Baker’s 
river below Rumney. For most of the way it is widest on the north side, 
reaching back at the widest place to Loon pond, a mile from the river. 
This likewise occurs in two heights, terrace-plain and interval, the former 
40 to 50 feet above the river. The railroad extends over this alluvium 
nearly six miles in a single straight line. 
The upper terrace, in Holderness, Ashland, and in the north part of 
Bridgewater, is 570 to 560 feet above the sea, or 100 above the river. 
Thence in six miles to New Hampton village it descends to 510 feet, or 
72 above the river. It is best shown along this whole distance on the 
east side. There is almost always one lower terrace, and sometime sev- 
eral; but we find only small areas that are overflowed south from the 
large interval of Plymouth. Deltas higher than the normal upper terrace 
occur at two places near the north line of Bristol, and at the villages of 
Ashland and New Hampton. Spectacle pond, in the edge of Meredith, 
probably has its outlet by a subterranean channel, which extends un- 
der gravel and sand a mile to the west, appearing near the east edge of 
New Hampton village in several springs. The largest of these supplies 
a stream of very cold water two or three feet wide and a foot deep. 
Gravel ridges or kames bordering the Pemigewasset were seen in Ash- 
land half a mile above the mouth of Squam river, and in Bridgewater at 
Eastman’s falls, four miles farther south. No other deposits of this kind 
were observed between the townships of Thornton and Franklin. 
