120 SURFACE GEOLOGY. 
course to the north. The erosion of the high deposits in the south part 
of Peterborough and the tribute of streams near the source of the 
river now supplied the low alluvium which extends for two miles below 
North Peterborough. The kames in Bennington probably also suffered 
considerable erosion, which, with the important streams on the west, fur- 
nished the similar low alluvial deposits of Antrim, Deering, and Hills- 
borough. 
MopiFiep Drirt oF WINNIPISEOGEE AND SQuAM LAKEs. 
The beauty of Winnipiseogee lake is due to its multitude of irregularly 
grouped islands, to the three long bays or arms into which its north end 
is divided, and to the winding outlines of its shores. The water-shed 
which bounds its basin reaches no point more than seven miles distant 
from the lake.* It passes over Belknap, Cropple Crown, and Ossipee 
mountains, and Red hill, which rise from 1,500 to 1,900 feet above the 
lake; but its other highest points are hills of half this height or less, 
which descend steeply to the west and south shores but have more gen- 
tle slopes on the east and north. Somewhat farther distant, at the north, 
the view from Winnipiseogee embraces Chocorua, Paugus, Passaconaway, 
Whiteface, and Sandwich Dome, which form the southern front of the 
White Mountains; and from many parts Mt. Washington is also visible. 
To know this scenery fully, the lake must also be seen from the moun- 
tains and hills by which it is environed. The most magnificent of these 
views is that from Red hill, which overlooks both Winnipiseogee and 
Squam lakes. 
The depth of Winnipiseogee lake was measured by the Lake Company 
at the same time that the survey of its area was made. The deepest 
place found was a short distance off the east shore of Rattlesnake island, 
opposite to its southern and lowest peak. The depth at this spot was 
slightly more than 200 feet. Between Rattlesnake and Diamond islands 
it was 190 feet; in Alton bay, opposite Fort and Gerrish points, 100 
feet, and at three fourths of a mile from its south end, 80 feet; in the 
broad portions of the lake, between Rattlesnake and Cow islands, from 
100 to 150 feet; and between Cow island and Center Harbor, from 50 to 
* The topographic features of this district, and the areas of Winnipiseogee lake, its islands, and its hydrographic 
basin, are stated in Vol. I, pp. 203-205, 300, and 306-308. 
