MODIFIED DRIFT ALONG MAGALLOWAY RIVER. 139 
The level tracts on Magalloway river are described as especially re- 
markable for the occurrence of sloughs or small ponds, which are almost 
invariably found at a short distance on one or the other side of the 
stream. The river-banks are everywhere low, and the wooded plains, 
extending in places one half mile from the river, with a height rising 
from 10 to 25 feet above it, consist of gravel, which is not often so coarse 
as to have pebbles a foot in diameter. These are the characteristic feat- 
ures of this river for most of its length, both above and below Parma- 
chena lake. The only exceptions are the three or four miles just below 
this lake, and about two and a half miles, called Escahos falls, next above 
Wilson’s Mills, where only the glacial drift is present, over which the 
river descends in rapids obstructed by boulders. Along the greater por- 
tion of its course the descent is very slight, and the crooked stream winds 
slowly from side to side along its gravel plain. There seem to be no 
kames on either this or the upper part of Androscoggin river. 
The fine alluvium brought down by the Magalloway has filled up a 
considerable area about the mouth of Umbagog lake, forming an exten- 
sive bog at the border of the lake, and reaching a height of ro to 15 feet 
along the lower part of this river's course and on the Androscoggin to 
Errol dam. There are no rapids below Wilson’s Mills, and the Magallo- 
way is navigated as far as to Wentworth’s Location by a steamboat from 
the lake. On other sides this lake has mainly hilly and rocky shores. 
Its height is 1256 feet above the sea. 
Clear stream, along nearly its whole course from Dixville notch to 
Androscoggin river, is bordered by low sandy plains. 
The modified drift of the Androscoggin above Dummer, along the dis- 
tance which has no road, is described as consisting of tracts of swamp, or 
of stratified gravel and silt in some places one half mile in width, having 
a height of 10 to 25 feet. These are along level portions of the river, 
which alternate with rapids where the glacial drift, or till, extends in gen- 
tle slopes to the stream. 
The exploration of the Androscoggin river, with special reference to its 
modified drift, extended nearly to the east line of Dummer. Below this 
point the river flows south-westerly four miles to Pontoocook falls, and in 
this distance is bordered on the north-west side by considerable areas of 
alluvium from 20 to 30 feet above the river, extending from one half to 
