GLACIAL DRIFT. 227 
spicuous tower, is a rough ledge, protecting moraine material. A simi- 
lar ledge further east has the west side rounded by ice. Near the state 
line is an outcrop of white gneiss, scored S. 58° E.,, and an enormous 
quantity of boulders, torn off the light colored ledges, follow for a short 
distance, These several examples of blocks torn from the ledges, but 
not carried far, illustrate the beginnings of glacial transportation. 
For about half a mile into Maine, in the town of Gilead, glacial marks 
are wanting. In the middle of the valley is a long rocky hill athwart its 
‘ course, behind which moraine material is gathered. At the north foot of 
Mt. Ephraim are strize S. 65° E., where the road and railroad draw close 
together. 
Grooving is well shown here. Above Mt. Ephraim the rounding looks 
as if it had been produced by a mass of ice coming down Ingalls river 
from the north. On the east side of Wild river the rocks have been well 
planed and embossed by the force down the Androscoggin. No explo- 
rations have been made up this tributary to ascertain whether ice-marks 
from the south-west may not exist there. At Gilead station, just north 
of the railroad and ten miles from Bethel, are furrows upon polished 
quartz running S. 40° E. A mile further east, where the road bends 
around a mountain spur, are strize S. 80° E. On the west side of Peaked 
hill, where the high land crowds closely upon the river, about 300 feet 
above the water, is a large, steeply inclined, magnificently polished sur- 
face, very plainly seen from the road below, a mile and a half distant, 
with faint lines and well defined furrows, S. 55°-60° E. The emboss- 
ment and planishment show even better from the north side of the river. 
On this north side, by the bridge at Gilead station and at the mouth of 
Peabody brook, are grooves following the course of the valley, and also 
large rough blocks removed only a short distance. At a church, the 
markings occur almost at the water's edge, with the direction S. 75° E. 
On the precipitous south side of Tumble-down Dick are many examples 
of strize on vertical surfaces; but the greatest force of the ice struck the 
ledges on the south side. At the base of the precipice, where floor sur- 
faces are exposed, are grooved areas 150 feet long, thoroughly planed down 
the whole distance. It would be difficult to find more beautiful examples 
of ice-sculpture in New Hampshire. The strie run S. 85° E. Near 
White brook are other strize and bosses, with rough south-east lee sides. 
