60 B Canadian Arctic Expedition, 1913-18 



bearing several shoots at the crown. These shoots are slender, and their sub- 

 terranean part bears small, scale-like leaves, while toward apex small rosettes 

 of green leaves appear, surrounding the flowering stems. As the main, i.e. the 

 primary, root is wrinkled, indicating that it is contractile, the crown of the root 

 becomes gradually pulled deeper and deeper down in the ground, at the same 

 time as the subterranean parts of the stems increase in length. In young speci- 

 mens the subterranean stems are thus much shorter, sometimes barely visible, 

 the crown of the root being close to the surface of the ground. 



COMPOSITAE. 



Erigeron grandiflorus Hook. 



A robust species, the heads measuring 4 cm. in width, borne on simple, 

 leafy stems, about 12 cm. in height. A large rosette of leaves is developed 

 from the short, thick, ascending, subterranean stem portion, and the primary 

 root is deep, but rather slender; similar long secondary roots develop from the 

 subterranean internodes. In large specimens several subterranean stems, 

 terminated by leafy rosettes, were developed from the crown of the sanae 

 root. A corresponding structure recurs in E. compositus Pursh, but in this 

 species the subterranean stems are more numerous; thus the rosettes form 

 cushions of considerable width. 



E. uniflorus L. 



In well developed specimens the habit may vary from densely caespitose, 

 i.e. with a rosette of leaves borne upon a very short, erect, subterranean stem, 

 bearing numerous strong, secondary roots, to a more open growth, the sub- 

 terranean stem being horizontally creeping, measuring about 7 cm. in length, 

 and terminated by a few aerial shoots with only a few basal leaves. Most of the 

 species belong to the variety pulchellus Fr. 



E. alpinus L. 



Only a single, but well developed specimen of this, on this continent so very 

 rare species, was found at Port Epworth. As pointed out by Lange (Consp. Fl. 

 Groenl.), it may be readily distinguished from E. uniflorus L. by "Periclinii 

 pilis non vel obsolete articulatis, floribuS femineis exterioribus ligulatis, interiori- 

 bus oblique tubulosis." 



Concerning the habit of the plant, this differs also to some extent from that 

 of the preceding species. The basal leaves form a compact rosette, with numerous 

 strong secondary roots; from this rosette nine erect flowering stems were devel- 

 oped, all simple, and attaining a height of about 16 cm. 



Antennaria alpina (L.) R. Br. 



Only a few specimens were collected and they represent the variety in 

 which the leaves are hairy on both faces. Lange ^ has called this variety canes- 

 cens, and it has been found in Greenland, Scandinavia, and in the boreal regions 

 of this continent, besides in the alpine region of the Rocky mountains, in Colorado 

 for instance. 



A. Candida Greene. 



The specimens upon which Greene established this species came from Mt. 

 Rainier, Washington, at an elevation of 9,000 feet, and the diagnosis reads as 

 follows:^ 



1 Flora Danica Fasc. 47. Tab. 2786 (1869). 



» Greene, E. L. Leaflets, Vol. 2. Washington, 1910-12, p. 151.. 



