Antic Plants. Morphology and Synonymy 61 b 



, "The numerous very leafy surculi upright and their leaves not rosulate, 

 but suberect, | inch long more or less, obovate-spatulate, clothed densely with 

 close snowy-white tomentum: flowering stems rising 1 to 2 inches above the 

 cushion of leafy surculi, slender with their small leaves as white-whooly as other 

 parts; heads in fertile plant 3 to 5, closely congested; proper scales of inyolucre 

 wholly concealed by the white indument, their translucent tips from oval and 

 obtuse in the outermost to oblong, and in the innermost to lanceolate and acute 

 or acuminate; sterile plant not known." 



_ The material from Bernard harbour shows an ascending, creeping rhizome 

 with numerous long, slender, unbranched roots; the foliage forms dense rosettes 

 but so closely crowded that the leaves, as described, are mostly erect. The 

 snow-white tomentum on both faces of the leaves renders the species very 

 distinct from A. alpina and its allies. 



Matricaria inodora L. var. grandiflora (Hook.) Ostf. 



This is the variety which Ruprecht ' has described under the name 

 "phaeocephala." It is the arctic representative of M. inodora, and while the 

 typical, Southern plant is annual or biennial, the arctic form is perennial. The 

 specimen from Herschel island measures about 23 cm. in height, and only a few 

 specimens bore two heads on the same stem. The subterranean stem-portion is 

 erect, but very short, densely covered with remnants of old leaves, and the root 

 system consists of long, slender, fibrous roots. Several rosettes of green leaves 

 may occur at the base of the aerial stem, and the haljit of the plant is actually 

 that of a perennial. 



Chrysanthemum integrifolium Rich. 



Characteristic of this species are the short, linear leaves forming very com- 

 pact rosettes; the flower bearing stems are monocephalous. The subterranean, 

 vegetative organs consist of several ascending stolons arising from a common 

 base, evidently the crown of the primary root which, however, had faded away 

 in the material collected; the only roots still in existence are long, slender, second- 

 ary ones, proceeding from the internodes of the stolons. 



Artemisia vulgaris L. var. Tilesii Ledeb. 



Some very tall specimens were collected on the south coast of Coronation 

 gulf, which measured a height of 40 cm., including the about 12 cm. long panicle. 

 The aerial shoots are developed from a complex of stem-bases with numerous, 

 thin, secondary roots, representing a pseudo-rhizome. 



A. Richardsoniana Bess, and A. hyperborea Rydb. 



These have a persisting, deep and thick primary root, from the crown of 

 which ascending subterranean stems arise, terminated by compact rosettes of 

 leaves, surrounding the flower-bearing stems. These subterranean stems vary 

 much in length, averaging about 6 cm. in the latter species. According to the 

 diagnosis the hairy covering of the stems and leaves is somewhat different in 

 these species, which, however, may depend on the character of the soil where 

 they were collected, the former inhabiting a gravel-tundra, the latter, 

 on the . other hand, sand-dunes and sandy slopes. With respect to 

 A. Richardsoniana Bess., this is described by Gray^ as follows: "A span 

 to near a foot high, with rather slender ascending stems from a cespitose 



■ Samojed. cisural, I.e., p. 42. 



' Synoptical Flora of North America. The Gamopetalae. Second Edit. New York, 1886, p. 371. 



