MIMICKING A STAE-FISH 231 



the eye-stalks covered by the translucent anterior region 

 of the carapace. The inner flagellum of the first antennae 

 has a tendency to bifurcate. The second antennae have a 

 long flagellum and a strong scale with a subapical tooth. 

 The mandibular 'palp' is short and two-jointed. The 

 third maxillipeds are five-jointed. Spence Bate says that 

 the second also are five-jointed. In de Haan's figure they 

 are six-jointed. In Spence Bate's own figure they are ob- 

 scurely, in Savigny's figure they are clearly, seven-jointed. 

 The trunk-legs of the first pair are unequal and unsymme- 

 trical, the hand or sixth, joint on the right side being gene- 

 rally longer than that on the left, and more or less abnormal 

 in form, especially in the male. The outer branch of the 

 uropods has a transverse suture. The telson is broad and 

 terminally rounded. The genus has a vast range between 

 the north and south temperate zones, but seemingly con- 

 fined to moderate depths. ' A specimen of Alpheus minus 

 has been recorded from an inland fresh-water pond in 

 south-west Colorado.' Spence Bate enumerates seventy 

 species ; but with a warning that many of them are sepa- 

 rated by trifling distinctions, and are probably at most 

 not more than varieties. Referring to de Haan's account 

 of Alpheus avarus, Fabricius, he says that it appears to 

 have no strongly marked feature separating it from Al- 

 pheus Edvjwrdsii (Audouin). Mr. E. J. Miers in his 

 account of the latter species identifies with, it not only 

 de Haan's Alpheus avarus, but some fourteen other names. 

 On the other hand he considers that the ava/rus of Fa- 

 bricius is distinct from that of de Haan. Alpheus comaktr- 

 larum, Haswell, is an eastern species said to be invariably 

 found clinging to the arms of a Comatulid star-fish, to 

 which its variously distributed stripes and markings of 

 purple and white and light and dark brown give it a 

 general resemblance that is presumably protective. 



Alpheus ruber, Milne-Edwards, is occasionally taken 

 on the English coast as well as in the Mediterranean. 

 Alpheus megacheles, Hailstone, is identified by Canon Nor- 

 man with the Alpheus affinis, Guise, from the Channel 

 Islands, which is described as of a ' deep scarlet colour, 



