CAEP CULTUEE 79 



probably any reasonable amount would yield 

 fully as mucb, acre for acre, as land devoted to 

 vegetable produce. This is important, since a 

 carp-farm can be established on land which or- 

 dinarily yields little or nothing. 



Ponds. — Hatching-houses and expensive ap- 

 paratus are unnecessary. The entire business 

 may be conducted by pond-culture. Mr. Leon 

 J. Cole, who prepared a bulletin for the United 

 States Bureau of Fisheries in 1905, entitled 

 "German Carp in the United States," says : 



"A well appointed carp-cultural establishment has 

 at least three kinds of ponds, each adapted for a par- 

 ticular phase of industry. 



"1. Spawning ponds. — Shallow ponds in which the 

 water is easily warmed by the sun and suitable for 

 the spawning fish. 



"2. Raising ponds. — ^Ponds usually of mediimi size, 

 to which the fry are transferred and where they are 

 retained, isolated from the larger fish, until they are 

 a year or two old. 



"3. Stock ponds. — ^Large ponds in which the fish 

 are kept until they have reached a marketable size; 

 this is usually considered to be when they have reached 

 a weight of two and three-quarters pounds to two and 

 a half pounds." 



