should be put in the center of the second story, and the two combs 
put below should be put at the side of the brood-nest, not between 
frames of brood. 
The nurse bees come up to care for the unsealed brood and the 
warm air ascends to the upper chamber, making its occupancy by 
the queen more quickly assured. 
SWARMING AND ITS CONTROL 
Factors Favoring the Swarm Impulse 
While we may not be able to give a very satisfactory reason why 
bees swarm, we know some of the factors which tend to stimulate the 
swarm impulse. These are lack of room for the deposition of eggs 
{empty comb room), lack of room for the storage of incoming pollen 
and nectar, an old queen, a large number of drones, lack of ventila- 
tion and, co-related with this, comb spacing. These factors are 
under the control of the beekeeper. 
Comb Room 
If a queen is given the run of two 10-frame bodies this should 
afford sufficient comb room for the reception of her eggs provided 
sufficient storage space is also given. 
It sometimes happens that the flow of nectar is so heavy that 
twice the comb space is occupied with the raw nectar as will be the 
case with the ripened honey. In such times there is a tendency, 
unless the beekeeper uses care, to crowd nectar into the brood 
nest, thus restricting the queen’s activities. When producing ex- 
tracted honey this matter of storage space is more easily handled, 
since a superabundance of room is not likely to cause undesirable 
results. In the production of comb honey the addition of an excess 
of room may result in too large a proportion of unfinished sections. 
The person, therefore, who produces comb honey must expect 
to be obliged to contend with swarm preparations, as comb-honey 
production requires conditions which favor such preparations. To 
get well filled sections crowding is necessary, and this will aggra- 
vate the swarming tendency. 
Queen 
An old queen produces more drone eggs than does a young one, 
and the bees show a greater tendency to develop the swarming impulse 
when an old queen heads the colony. A vigorous young queen 
helps to overcome the tendency. Requeening every year is advocated 
by some beekeepers, while others claim that a well-reared queen is 
45 
