the comb builders at all times, keeping them occupied at some 
useful pursuit and out of the brood nest where their presence in 
great numbers would tend more quickly to bring on the swarming 
impulse. 
The second super is added beneath the first when work in the 
first is well under way. Perhaps some storing has been done in it, 
but surely not so much as to be near the capping stage. 
A general rule in comb honey supering is to place the new 
super under those already on the hive if the honey flow can reason- 
ably be expected to continue, and if there is any doubt along this 
line place the new super on top. 
The third super is added below the others, with number one 
and number two arranged above in the order mentioned. The fourth 
(if honey flow conditions seem to warrant) is added next the brood 
chamber with one, two and three above in the order named. 
It will be noticed that this manipulation keeps the oldest super 
one super depth removed from the brood nest where it is reasonably 
safe from dark wax, and it also puts the new work next the brood 
chamber where it will be done with the greatest facility. 
Adding supers in this manner provides considerable storage space 
for raw nectar, keeping it out of the brood nest with its attendant 
congestion and also facilitating evaporation. For a more detailed 
discussion of comb honey production than is possible in this work 
the reader is referred to Farmers’ Bulletin No. 1039, “Commercial 
Comb Honey Production” by Demuth, which can be secured from 
the Department of Agriculture, Washington, D. C. 
Comb honey production requires much guess work and judg- 
ment, both of which may fail the beekeeper because of unusual 
weather conditions, leaving him with a lot of unfinished sections 
on hand at the close of the season. 
Extracted Honey Production 
The extracted honey producer has the same problems as the pro- 
ducer of comb honey up to the time the surplus flow arrives. 
With few exceptions extracted honey producers use the same 
frames and bodies for supers as are used for the brood bodies. The 
majority also allow brood-rearing in combs which are used for ex- 
tracting combs if that adds to the convenience in manipulation. 
It is a common practice, with nothing tangible to be said against 
it, to allow the queen free range of two and sometimes three ten- 
frame bodies until the surplus honey flow has been in progress 
for ten days or two weeks. To avoid the possibility of having brood 
in the extracting combs when extracting time arrives and also having 
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